A new oriented electrodeposition method was used to obtain regular microstructure on platinum electrode surface. The treatment effects of electrodeposition with different experimental conditions were evaluated by electrochemical performance tests. Mechanical and electrochemical stability of electrodeposited electrode were respectively verified by ultrasonic treatment and electric pulse stimulation. The results showed that the microstructure obtained on electrode surface could increase the area for charge absorption. Addition of crystal modifier NH4Cl resulted in more regular microstructure on electrode surface. Compared with the irregular electrodeposition, double-layer capacitance and cathodic charge storage capacity of neural electrode were improved respectively by 26.8%, 85.7%. When the concentration of crystal modifier was 4 mol/L, the electrolyte temperature was 50 ℃, the best optimization effect could be achieved.
[1]MORIN F O, TAKAMURA Y, TAMIYA E. Investigating neuronal activity with planar microelectrode arrays: Achievements and new perspectives[J]. Journal of Bioscience & Bioengineering, 2005, 100(2): 131-143.
[2]KELLY A, BALLERINI L, LOWERY M, et al. Engineering the neural interface[J]. Comprehensive Biomaterials II, 2017, 7: 642-660.
[3]COGAN S F. Neural stimulation and recording electrodes[J]. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 2008, 10(10): 275-309.
[4]NEGI S, BHANDARI R, RIETH L, et al. Neural electrode degradation from continuous electrical sti-mulation[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2010, 186(1): 8-17.
[5]CHEN N, TIAN L, PATIL A C, et al. Neural interfaces engineered via micro- and nano-structured coatings[J]. Nano Today, 2017, 14: 59-83.
[6]ZHOU D M, GREENBERG R J, TALBOT N H. Adherent metal oxide coating forming a high surface area electrode: US 8489202 B2[P]. 2013-07-16[2018-12-06].
[7]ZENG Q, XIA K, SUN B, et al. Electrodeposited iridium oxide on platinum nanocones for improving neural stimulation microelectrodes[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2017, 237: 152-159.
[8]XIA K, SUN B, ZENG Q, et al. Surface modification of neural stimulating/recording microelectrodes with high-performance platinum-pillar coatings[C]//IEEE, International Conference on Nano/micro Engineered and Molecular Systems. IEEE, 2017: 291-294.
[9]张文光, 吴栋栋, 李正伟, 等. 聚苯胺-二氧化锰涂层的电化学合成及其对神经微电极界面性能的影响[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2014, 48(02): 199-204.
ZHANG Wenguang, WU Dongdong, LI Zhengwei, et al. Electrochemically synthesized PANI-MnO2 coatings and their effect on interface properties of neural microelectrode[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2014, 48(02): 199-204.
[10]WEAVER C L, ZHOU D D, GREENBERG R, et al. Highly stable carbon nanotube doped poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for chronic neural stimulation[J]. Biomaterials, 2011, 32(24): 5551-5557.
[11]MANDAL H S, KASTEE J S, MCHAIL D G, et al. Improved poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) for neural stimulation[J]. Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface, 2015, 18(8): 657-663.
[12]孙晓文, 杨鹏, 张文光. 掺杂磺酸聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合膜电极制备及其应用[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2016, 50(2): 228-234.
SUN Xiaowen, YANG Peng, ZHANG Wenguang. Synthesis of sulfosalicylic acid doped polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite film modified electrode and its applications[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2016, 50(2): 228-234.
[13]ALBA N A, DU Z J, CATT K A, et al. In vivo electrochemical analysis of a PEDOT/MWCNT neural electrode coating[J]. Biosensors, 2015, 5(4): 618-646.
[14]BURBLIES N, SCHULZE J, SCHWARZ H C, et al. Coatings of different carbon nanotubes on platinum electrodes for neuronal devices: preparation, cytocompatibility and interaction with spiral ganglion cells[J]. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11(7): e0158571.
[15]HEO D N, SONG S J, KIM H J, et al. Multifunctional hydrogel coatings on the surface of neural cuff electrode for improving electrode-nerve tissue interfaces[J]. Acta Biomaterialia, 2016, 39: 25-33.
[16]孙晓文, 张文光. 基体粗糙度对神经电极聚苯胺涂层性能的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(5): 913-919.
SUN Xiaowen, ZHANG Wenguang. Substrate roughness affects the properties of PANI coatings for neural electrode[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University (Engineering Science), 2016, 50(5): 913-919.
[17]GREEN R A, HASSARATI R T, BOUCHINET L, et al. Substrate dependent stability of conducting polymer coatings on medical electrodes[J]. Biomaterials, 2012, 33(25): 5875-5886.
[18]MERRILL D R, BIKSON M, JEFFERYS J G R. Electrical stimulation of excitable tissue: Design of efficacious and safe protocols[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2005, 141(2): 171-198.
[19]CARRETERO N M, LICHTENSTEIN M P, PEREZ E, et al. IrOx-carbon nanotube hybrids: A nanostructured material for electrodes with increased charge capacity in neural systems[J]. Acta Biomaterialia, 2014, 10(10): 4548-4558.
[20]MEYER R D, COGAN S F, NGUYEN T H, et al. Electrodeposited iridium oxide for neural stimulation and recording electrodes[J]. Neural Systems & Rehabilitation Engineering IEEE Transactions on, 2001, 9(1): 2-11.
[21]COGAN S F, GUZELIAN A A, AGNEW W F, et al. Over-pulsing degrades activated iridium oxide films used for intracortical neural stimulation[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2004, 137(2): 141-150.
[22]VISINTIN A, TRIACA W E, ARVIA A J. Electrochemical procedure for the development of large active surface area platinum electrodes with preferred crystallographic orientations[J]. Cheminform, 1987, 221(1): 239-243.
[23]杭弢. 镍微纳米针锥阵列材料的电沉积制备与性能研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2010.
HANG Tao. Study on the nickel micro-nanocones array materials fabricated by electrodeposition[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2010.
[24]方景礼. 电镀添加剂理论与应用[M]. 国防工业出版社, 2006.
FANG Jingli. Theory and application of electroplating additives[M]. National Defense Industry Press, 2006.