Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University >

2017 , Vol. 51 >Issue 7: 796 - 804

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2017.07.005

 Effects of Injection Strategy and Operation Parameters on
 Particle Emission of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

Expand
  •  School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Online published: 2017-07-31

Supported by

 

Fold

Abstract

  A DMS500 fast particulate spectrometer was employed to characterize the particle size distribution for a naturally aspirated gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. The goal is to investigate the impact of engine operating parameters (load condition, coolant temperature, spark timing), injection strategies (start of injection, fuel pressure) on particulate size distribution and particle number, and thermogravimetric analyses of particulate matters in different load conditions.The experimental results show that, particulate size distribution is bimodal in form with nucleation mode particle and accumulation mode particle, depending on nucleation mode at low load or accumulation mode at high load. Cold coolant temperature produces higher particulate matter emission. With delay of spark timing, the particle number is reduced. An optimized injection timing valve has been found based on operation conditions. Fuel pressure has a significant effect in particle number, high fuel pressure reduces particle number and increases nucleation mode percentage. With increases of load, and decrease of coolant temperature, the maximum mass loss rate temperature of soot increases and soot oxidation activity reduces.

Key words：  gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine; injection strategy; particle number; size distribution; thermogravimetric analysis

Cite this article

ZHUANG Zhuyue,ZHAO Tingyu,FANG Junhua,HUANG Zhen .  Effects of Injection Strategy and Operation Parameters on
 Particle Emission of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2017 , 51(7) : 796 -804 . DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2017.07.005

References

 ［1］LEACH F, STONE R, RICHARDSON D. The influence of fuel properties on particulate number emissions from a direct injection spark ignition engine［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2013011558.
［2］WHITAKER P, KAPUS P, OGRIS M, et al. Measures to reduce particulate emissions from gasoline DI engines［J］. SAE International Journal of Engines, 2011. 4(1): 14981512.
［3］WANG Y J, WANG J X, SHUAIS J, et al. Study of injection strategies of twostage gasoline direct injection (TSGDI) combustion system［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2005010107.
［4］BRAISHER M, STONE R, PRICE P. Particle number emissions from a range of europeanvehicles［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2010010786.
［5］CHOI K, KIM J, MYUNG C L, et al. Effect of the mixture preparation on the nanoparticle characteristics of gasoline directinjection vehicles［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2012, 226(11): 15141524.
［6］KRAFT D K M. Particle formation and models in internal combustion engines［EB/OL］. ［20161108］.https:∥como.cheng.cam.ac.uk/preprints/c4ePreprint142.pdf.
［7］BONATESTA F, CHIAPPETTA E, ROCCA A L. Partload particulate matter from a GDI engine and the connection with combustion characteristics［J］. Applied Energy, 2014, 124(1): 366376.
［8］FARRON C, MATTHIAS N, FOSTER D, et al. Particulate characteristics for varying engine operation in a gasoline spark ignited, direct injection engine［EB/OL］.［20161107］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2011011220.
［9］RAMADHAS A S, XU H. Influence of coolant temperature on cold start performance of diesel passenger car in cold environment［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2016280142.
［10］YUAN C, HONG W, SU Y, et al. Research on exhaust particle emissions of two direct injection gasoline engines during cold start［C］∥International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA).USA: IEEE, 2015.
［11］HE X, RATCLIFF M A, ZIGLERB T. Effects of gasoline direct injection engine operating parameters on particle number emissions［J］. Energy and Fuels, 2012, 26(4): 20142027.
［12］PIOCK W F, BEFRUI B, BERNDORFER A, et al. Fuel pressure and charge motion effects on GDI engine particulate emissions［J］. SAE International Journal of Engines, 2015, 8(2): 464473.
［13］李峂.汽油机缸内直喷 (GDI) 颗粒物排放特性研究［D］. 天津：天津大学机械工程学院,2012.
［14］PEI Y Q, QIN J, PAN S Z. Experimental study on the particulate matter emission characteristics for a directinjection gasoline engine［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2014, 228(6): 604616.
［15］CHUNG J, KIM N, CHOI H, et al. Study on the effect of injection strategies on particulate emission characteristics under cold start using incylinder visualization［EB/OL］.［20161108］. https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2016010822.
 ［16］潘锁柱, 宋崇林, 裴毅强,等. 点火定时对缸内直喷汽油机燃烧及颗粒物排放的影响［J］. 农业机械学报, 2013, 44(7): 2327.
PAN Suozhu, SONG Chonglin, PEI Yiqiang, et al. Effect of spark timing on combustion and particle emission for gasoline direct injection engine［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013, 44(7): 2327.
［17］朱小慧,陈鹏,方俊华. 燃料特性和工况对直喷汽油机微粒排放的影响［J］. 上海交通大学报，2017,51(1): 6975.
ZHU Xiaohui, CHEN Peng, FANG Junhua. Effect of fuel properties and operation parameters on particle emission of gasoline direct injection engine［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2017, 51(1): 6975.
［18］潘锁柱, 宋崇林, 裴毅强, 等. 缸内直喷汽油机颗粒物粒径分布特性［J］. 天津大学学报: 自然科学与工程技术版, 2013, 46(7): 629634.
PAN Suozhu, SONG Chonglin, PEI Yiqiang, et al. Particle size distribution from gasoline direct injection engine［J］. Journal of Tianjin University, 2013, 46(7): 629634.
［19］帅石金, 郑荣, 王银辉,等. 缸内直喷汽油机微粒排放特性的试验研究［J］. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2014, 5(3): 304310.
SHUAI Shijin, ZHENG Rong, WANG Yinhui, et al. Experimental study on the characteristics of particulate emissions from GDI engines［J］. Journal of Automotive Safety and Engergy, 2014, 5(3): 304310.
［20］QIN J, LI X, PEI Y. Effects of combustion parameters and lubricating oil on particulate matter emissions from a turbocharged GDI engine fueled with methanol/gasoline blends［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2014012841.
［21］SAKAI S, HAGEMAN M, ROTHAMER D. Effect of equivalence ratio on the particulate emissions from a sparkignited, directinjected gasoline engine［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/2013011560.
［22］SHIMADA T, SHOJI T, TAKEDA Y. The effect of fuel injection pressure on diesel engine performance［EB/OL］.［20161108］.https:∥saemobilus.sae.org/content/891919.
［23］LAPUERTA M, BALLESTEROS R, RODRGUEZFERRNNDEZ J.Thermogravimetric analysis of diesel particulate matter［J］. Measurement Science and Technology, 2007, 18(3): 650658.
［24］CHEN L, STONE R, RICHARDSON D. Effect of the valve timing and the coolant temperature on particulate emissions from a gasoline directinjection engine fuelled with gasoline and with a gasolineethanol blend［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2012, 226(10): 14191430.
［25］梅德清, 赵翔, 王书龙,等. 柴油机颗粒物催化状态热重特性及热动力学分析［J］. 内燃机工程, 2013,34(S1): 3741.
MEI Deqing, ZHAO Xiang, WANG Shulong, et al. Thermogravimetric characteristics and thermokinetic analysis on PM emission of diesel engine with catalyst［J］. Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering, 2013,34(S1): 3741.
［26］WANG C M, XU H M, HERREROS J M, et al. Fuel effect on particulate matter composition and soot oxidation in a directinjection spark ignition (DISI) engine［J］. Energy & Fuels, 2014, 28(3): 20032012.
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉