Distributed Optimization of Distribution Network Considering Regulation of 5G Base Station Communication Load and Backup Energy Storage

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.123

Abstract

Abstract:

5G base stations are in a critical period of large-scale application, and high energy consumption poses economic challenges that hinder their development. At the same time, 5G base stations are usually equipped with energy storage batteries to ensure power supply reliability, of which idle energy provides flexible and dispatchable resources for the power grid. To reduce the power consumption of 5G base stations and make full use of energy storage resources, first, a 5G base station power consumption model is developed, and the impact of massive access of mobile users on backup energy storage and dispatchable energy of the 5G base station is analyzed. Then, a backup energy storage aggregation regulation model is established based on energy boundary projection. Finally, a cooperative game model is constructed considering the participation of 5G base station operators in power transactions, and solved by using the alternating direction multiplier method. The calculation example analysis shows that communication load transfer can effectively reduce the power consumption of 5G base stations in low load periods and increase the dispatchable energy of energy storage. The proposed distributed optimization operation model can effectively achieve mutual benefits for 5G base stations and other stakeholders.

Key words: 5G base station, communication load, backup energy storage, alternating direction method of multipliers

CLC Number:

TM732

YUAN Kai, WANG Feifei, ZHANG Shenxi, SUN Chongbo, SONG Yi, HOU Ruosong, CHENG Haozhong. Distributed Optimization of Distribution Network Considering Regulation of 5G Base Station Communication Load and Backup Energy Storage[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(4): 628-641.

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参数	数值
AAU休眠状态功耗/kW	0.1
BBU激活、休眠状态功耗/kW	0.3,0.2
储能额定能量/(kW·h)	20
储能最大充放电功率/kW	5
储能荷电状态上、下限	0.9,0.1
储能充、放电效率	0.9

时段	售电电价/ [元·(kW·h)^-1]
23:00—7:00	0.58
7:00—10:00, 13:00—17:00, 22:00—23:00	0.86
10:00—13:00, 17:00—22:00	1.18

利益主体	参与合作	不参与合作
配电网	26259.87	25479.45
分布式风电	609.40	427.68
分布式光伏	211.58	161.73
5G基站	-739.99	-1552.39

利益主体	场景1	场景2
配电网	26259.87	26493.98
分布式风电	609.40	612.94
分布式光伏	211.58	211.25
5G基站	-739.99	-972.78