为提高混凝土结构的电磁防护能力与微波吸收性能，磁铁矿骨料（MAs）被使用去制备磁铁矿混凝土（MC），通过测定其电磁参数和微波反射损耗（R_loss），并表征其微观结构，建立电磁特性、吸波性能与微观结构之间的构效关系，揭示MAs对MC电磁吸波能力的增强机制。结果表明，MAs通过改善MC的介电性能和磁性能，并影响其孔隙分布和C-S-H凝胶结构，有效提高了MC的电磁损耗能力和阻抗匹配特性，从而增强其吸波能力。与对照组相比，MAs替换率为100 %混凝土的平均R_loss可降低至-7.68 dB，有效带宽可拓宽至7.21 GHz，使其能够宽频范围内将吸波效率提升至80 %以上。

To enhance the electromagnetic protection and microwave absorption properties of concrete structures, magnetite aggregates (MAs) were used to prepare magnetite concrete (MC). By measuring electromagnetic parameters and microwave reflection loss (R_loss), the electromagnetic absorbing properties of the MC was analyzed, and its microstructures were characterized. By establishing the structure-activity relationship between electromagnetic properties, microwave absorption properties and microstructures, the enhancement mechanism of MAs on the absorbing efficiency of MC was revealed. The results showed that MAs effectively enhance the electromagnetic loss ability and impedance matching characteristics of MC by improving its dielectric and magnetic properties, as well as influencing its pore distribution and C-S-H gel structures. Compared with the control group, the mean R_loss of the concrete with 100 % MAs content reduced to -7.68 dB, and the effective bandwidth expanded to 7.21 GHz, enabling it absorbing microwave efficiency to be more than 80 % at wide frequency range.