为推进电力行业碳减排进程,助力实现“双碳”目标,在加快建设全国统一电力市场体系的背景下,提出负荷主体参与碳排放权交易的两阶段市场出清模型,以实现降低电力行业碳排放及清洁能源替代的目的.首先,提出基于零和收益-数据包络分析模型的火电机组初始碳配额分配方法,并建立计及碳交易的电力市场出清模式.然后,根据第一阶段市场出清结果利用潮流追踪理论确定各负荷的新能源消纳量,计算出对应的国家核证自愿减排量;在此基础上开启第二阶段碳排放权交易,并根据碳交易结果进行含碳排放量约束的二次电力市场出清.最后,基于改进的IEEE 30节点系统算例分析验证了所提市场模式的有效性.结果显示:所提模式有利于减少火电机组碳排放量,提高新能源市场化消纳比例并降低市场平均电价,为大规模新能源市场化消纳提供了方案.

To promote the process of carbon emission reduction in the electric power industry and achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, the construction of a unified national power market system is being accelerated. A two-stage market clearing model considering load participation in carbon trading is proposed to reduce carbon emissions and facilitate clean energy substitution in the electricity sector. First, an initial carbon quota allocation method for thermal power units based on zero sum gains-data envelopment analysis is introduced, and the electricity market clearing model considering carbon trading is established. Then, based on the market clearing results from the first stage, the new energy consumption of loads is determined using the power flow tracing theory, and the Chinese certified emission reduction (CCER) is calculated. Following CCER carbon offset rules, the second stage of carbon emission trading is initiated, and the secondary electricity market subject to carbon emission constraints, is cleared based on the carbon trading results. Finally, an analysis using the improved IEEE 30-bus system is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed market model. The results show that the proposed model not only helps reduce the carbon emissions from thermal power units but also increases the market share of new energy consumption and lowers average electricity prices. Additionly, the model provides a viable scheme for the large-scale marketization consumption of new energy.