沿面放电作为GIS设备内部的常见放电类型，目前对其微观过程的认识尚不明晰，缺陷局放微观过程与宏观检测信号间亦缺乏理论关联。基于流体-化学仿真模型，仿真了SF6气体中的沿面放电过程，得到了带电粒子浓度、沿面流注速率的变化规律。将微观放电产生的电流脉冲作为激励，基于有限积分法对沿面放电产生的放电信号进行了仿真，建立了局部放电微观过程与放电检测信号之间的对应关系。结合微观放电仿真得到的电磁信号时域波形与传统的高斯激励源相比更加贴合实际。研究成果是对现有局放信号微观机理研究的有效补充，为基于放电信号分析的绝缘状态评估奠定基础。

As a common type of discharge in GIS, surface discharge is still unclear in its microscopic process, and there is also a lack of theoretical correlation between partial discharge and signal detection. Based on the fluid-chemical simulation model, the surface discharge process in SF6 was simulated, and the variation laws of charged particle concentration and surface streamer velocity were obtained. Using the current pulse calculated in the microscopic simulation as an excitation, the discharge signals generated by the surface discharge was simulated based on the finite integral method, and the relationship between the microscopic process of the partial discharge and the discharge detection signal was established. Compared with the signal excited by the traditional Gaussian source, the electromagnetic signal time-domain waveforms obtained by the micro-discharge simulation are more realistic. The research results are an effective supplement to the existing research on the microscopic mechanism of partial discharge signals, laying the foundation for the insulation state evaluation based on the analysis of discharge signals.