不同热老化程度环氧树脂表面电荷消散特性

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.244

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 674-681.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.244

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 上一篇下一篇

不同热老化程度环氧树脂表面电荷消散特性

宋朝晖¹, 李欣¹, 刘敏¹, 陈泽鸿², 张晶莹², 汪沨², 陈赦²()

¹ 国家电网有限公司西北分部, 西安 710001
² 湖南大学电气与信息工程学院, 长沙 410082

收稿日期:2024-06-24 修回日期:2024-09-13 接受日期:2024-10-16 出版日期:2026-04-28 发布日期:2026-04-29
通讯作者: 陈赦 E-mail:chenshe@hnu.edu.cn
作者简介:宋朝晖(1972—),硕士,高级工程师,从事电网设备运行及生产管理工作.
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目(SGNW0000SJJS2310302);国家自然科学基金(52237007);国家自然科学基金(52377143)

Surface Charge Dissipation Characteristics of Epoxy Resin Under Different Thermal Aging Conditions

SONG Zhaohui¹, LI Xin¹, LIU Min¹, CHEN Zehong², ZHANG Jingying², WANG Feng², CHEN She²()

¹ Northwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Xi’an 710001, China
² College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

Received:2024-06-24 Revised:2024-09-13 Accepted:2024-10-16 Online:2026-04-28 Published:2026-04-29
Contact: CHEN She E-mail:chenshe@hnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备与气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路在高压输电领域具有广阔的应用前景,但其内部绝缘子闪络等故障的发生,严重影响系统的安全稳定运行.多项研究已证实,表面电荷是影响绝缘部件闪络电压的重要因素,但老化后环氧树脂绝缘件表面电荷积聚与消散特性尚不明确.为深入探究该问题,搭建了表面电荷测量装置,开展不同热老化条件下环氧树脂样品的表面电荷消散实验,研究不同电压幅值及电压极性对电荷消散特性的影响.研究结果表明:经热老化处理后,样品的玻璃化转变温度升高,表面电荷消散速率降低;在相同电压幅值下,施加负极性电压时,环氧树脂表面的电荷积聚量高于正极性电压;绝缘子表面电荷消散过程近似呈指数衰减,时间常数约为10⁴~10⁵ s.环氧树脂样品在不同条件下的表面电荷消散特性,为判断绝缘部件老化程度提供了新思路,也可为实际工程中的故障原因分析与降低故障率提供参考依据.

关键词: 表面电荷, 环氧树脂, 热老化, 气体绝缘金属封闭开关

Abstract:

Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) and gas insulated transmission line are widely applied in high-voltage power transmission systems. However, internal insulator flashover faults critically undermine their safe and stable operation. Surface charge has been confirmed as a key factor affecting the flashover voltage of insulating components, but changes in the accumulation and dissipation characteristics of surface charges on insulators after prolonged operational aging remain unclear. To address this problem, an apparatus for measuring surface charge is constructed to examine the dissipation of surface charges under different thermal aging conditions, and to explore the dissipation characteristics at different voltage magnitudes and polarities. The results indicate that thermal aging increases the glass transition temperature of the epoxy samples, thereby reducing the rate of surface charge dissipation. At identical voltage magnitudes, the accumulation of surface charges is greater with the application of negative polarity voltage compared to positive polarity. The dissipation of surface charges on the insulator surfaces approximately follows an exponential decay, with a time constant ranging from 10⁴ to 10⁵ s. The findings on surface charge dissipation of epoxy resin samples under different conditions provide a novel perspective for assessing the aging degree of insulating components and can serve as a reference for fault analysis and reduction in actual engineering applications.

Key words: surface charge, epoxy resin, thermal aging, gas insulated switchgear (GIS)

中图分类号:

TM855

宋朝晖, 李欣, 刘敏, 陈泽鸿, 张晶莹, 汪沨, 陈赦. 不同热老化程度环氧树脂表面电荷消散特性[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(4): 674-681.

SONG Zhaohui, LI Xin, LIU Min, CHEN Zehong, ZHANG Jingying, WANG Feng, CHEN She. Surface Charge Dissipation Characteristics of Epoxy Resin Under Different Thermal Aging Conditions[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(4): 674-681.

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时间/h	未老化总电荷量/μC	120 ℃老化10天总电荷量/μC	150 ℃老化10天总电荷量/μC	180 ℃老化10天总电荷量/μC
0	-1.090	-1.106	-1.099	-1.111
0.5	-1.066	-1.088	-1.078	-1.085
1	-1.053	-1.082	-1.070	-1.074
2	-1.033	-1.074	-1.058	-1.064
3	-1.016	-1.069	-1.050	-1.054
5	-1.000	-1.055	-1.040	-1.046
10	-0.973	-1.033	-1.014	-1.017
20	-0.939	-0.999	-0.989	-0.981

老化程度	时间常数,t₁/h	玻璃化转变温度/℃	体积电阻率/ (Ω·cm)
未老化	5.3116	97.16	1.43×10¹⁶
120 ℃老化10天	11.0563	112.19	2.74×10¹⁶
150 ℃老化10天	7.8565	113.10	2.88×10¹⁶
180 ℃老化10天	6.7953	114.90	2.86×10¹⁶

时间/h	电荷剩余比例/%
时间/h	未老化	180 ℃老化10天
0	100	100
10	83.00	85.51

t/h	电荷剩余比例/%
t/h	-10 kV 未老化	+10 kV 未老化	-10 kV 180 ℃ 10天	+10 kV 180 ℃ 10天
0	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
10	86.96	87.27	91.65	93.54

不同热老化程度环氧树脂表面电荷消散特性

Surface Charge Dissipation Characteristics of Epoxy Resin Under Different Thermal Aging Conditions

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