基于多源异构数据的风机多模态装配工艺知识图谱建模

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.062

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风力发电机装配工艺信息通常分散于以三维模型、自然文本、图像等多模态信息构成的工艺文件中,导致数据维护和工艺知识获取成本高、效率低.针对这一问题,提出一种基于多源异构数据的风力发电机多模态装配工艺知识图谱建模方法.首先,分析工艺特点给出风力发电机多模态知识工艺图谱(MPKG-WT)中各类概念,完成图谱本体构建;其次,基于多源异构数据及各模态特点,利用数据分析、知识抽取和语义相似度计算等技术实现图谱的自动实例化;最后,以某风力发电机企业装配工艺数据为例,实现MPKG-WT构建,并开发辅助装配工艺设计系统进行验证.研究结果表明,MPKG-WT较单模态图谱蕴含更丰富的知识,且不同模态数据之间能够互补,显著提升装配工艺设计效率.

关键词: 多模态知识图谱, 风力发电机, 装配工艺知识, 知识建模, 工艺复用

Abstract:

The assembly process information of wind turbines is usually scattered in process documents consisting of multi-modal information, such as 3D models, natural texts, and images. Therefore, the cost of maintaining data and extracting process knowledge is high while the efficiency is low. To solve this problem, a multi-modal knowledge graph-based modeling method for the assembly process knowledge of wind turbines is proposed with multi-source heterogeneous data. First, the concepts in multi-modal process knowledge graph of wind turbine (MPKG-WT) are defined by analyzing the process characteristics of wind turbines to complete the construction of ontology. Then, based on the characteristics of multi-source heterogeneous data and multi-modal information, data analysis, knowledge extraction, and semantic similarity calculation are leveraged to realize the automatic instantiation of the graph. Finally, taking the process data of a wind turbine enterprise as an example, MPKG-WT is constructed and verified by implementing an auxiliary system for process design. The results show that MPKG-WT is more informative than the single-modal graph, and the data in different modals can complement each other, which leads to significant improvements in the efficiency of process design.

Key words: multi-modal knowledge graph, wind turbines, assembly process knowledge, knowledge modeling, knowledge reuse

中图分类号:

TP391

胡志强, 刘鸣飞, 李琦, 李心雨, 鲍劲松. 基于多源异构数据的风机多模态装配工艺知识图谱建模[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(8): 1249-1263.

HU Zhiqiang, LIU Mingfei, LI Qi, LI Xinyu, BAO Jinsong. Modeling of Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph for Assembly Process of Wind Turbines with Multi-Source Heterogeneous Data[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2024, 58(8): 1249-1263.

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多模态实体类型	实体类别	实体定义
E_W	AC	利用工具对原材料或半成品按照设计预期要求进行加工及处理的方法和过程
E_W	AP	在同一地点利用同一设备完成的装配工作
E_W	AS	在同一位置用同一工具,不改变工作方法完成的装配工作
E_W	AE	组成装配机器或产品的最小单元
E_W	AT	装配过程中用到的工具
E_V	VC	可视化装配零件的图像
E_V	VS	指导装配过程的图像
E_M	MS	三维模型自身及其层级结构
E_M	MF	三维模型的几何组成单元

关系类型	关系类别	关系定义	联结的模态
R_st	HasImg	表示文本实体具有的相关图像	文本-图像
R_st	HasMod	表示文本或图像实体具有的相关三维模型	文本或图像-模型
R_st	HasGF	三维模型具有几何特征	模型-模型
R_st	HasPart	产品的装配关系,表示某装配体包含子装配体或是零件	模型-模型
R_tm	StepTo	表示同一工艺下不同工序之间的先后关系	文本-文本
R_tm	Next	表示同一工序下不同工步之间的先后关系	文本-文本
R_op	Prepare	表示进入工作之前需要准备的零件、工具	文本-文本
R_op	HasTool	表示操作过程中需要用到某种工具	文本-文本
R_op	Check	表示操作过程中的检查步骤	文本-文本
R_op	Operate	动作统一表示,表示对零件采取某种动作	文本-文本
R_op	On/ Under/ Before/ After/Sideof	位置关系表示,表示不同装配实体之间的相对位置	文本-文本

实体类别	属性名
AC	工艺名称;工艺规范
AP	工序名称;耗时;所属工艺
AS	工步名称;所属工序
AE	零件名称;规格;代号
AT	工具名称;规格
VC	URL;尺寸;描述;向量表示
VS	URL;尺寸;描述;向量表示
MS	URL;名称;组成结构
MF	名称;模型材质

组合类别	图谱关系
AE/AT,AE/AT + POB ATT	On/Under/Before/After/Sideof
AS/AE,AT + SBV/IOB/FOB	HasTool
AS,AE + SBV/IOB/FOB	Operate
AC,AP或AP,AP	StepTo
AP,AS或AS,AS	Next
v:准备/预备/备用/筹备	Prepare
v:检查/检测/核验/查验/查看+	Check
nd:上/顶部+ POB	On
nd:下/底部+ POB	Under
nd:前+ POB	Before
nd:后+ POB	After
nd:旁边/周围/一侧/一边+ POB	Sideof

模型	实验参数	取值
Electra-BiLSTM-CRF	词嵌入维度	768
Electra-BiLSTM-CRF	迭代次数	60
Electra-BiLSTM-CRF	学习率	0.0001
Electra-BiLSTM-CRF	DropOut	0.5
Electra-BiLSTM-CRF	Batch Size	32
Electra-BiLSTM-CRF	最大句长	256
Resnet50	迭代次数	30
Resnet50	学习率	0.001
Resnet50	Batch Size	32
跨模态对齐模型	迭代次数	80
跨模态对齐模型	输入嵌入维度	1768
Sentence-BERT	相似度阈值	0.6