引射比对生物柴油斯特林发动机燃烧影响的仿真研究

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2019.066

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用解耦法构建了生物柴油骨架反应机理,并建立了斯特林发动机喷雾燃烧仿真模型.对比研究了斯特林发动机燃用生物柴油和石化柴油的燃烧特性,给出了引射比对生物柴油燃烧温度、速度、组分场的影响.研究结果表明,本文构建的生物柴油简化机理Bio-37在较好预测高温着火特性的前提下,有效将反应步数降至100以下;相比石化柴油,斯特林发动机燃用生物柴油后,生物柴油的含氧特性得到充分发挥,其燃烧温度、速度场分布更为均匀,挡焰板处温度也有所降低,设备安全性提升.增大引射比可降低燃烧室最高温度,改善温度分布均匀性,增大换热管处温度和气流强度,具有强化传热传质效用.同时还可减少挡焰板热负荷,提升设备可靠性.

关键词: 生物柴油, 引射, 斯特林发动机, 数值模拟

Abstract:

A skeleton reaction mechanism of biodiesel was constructed by using the decoupling method, and a numerical calculation model of spray and combustion for a Stirling engine was established. The combustion characteristics of the Stirling engine fueled with biodiesel and petro-diesel respectively were compared, and the influence of ejection ratio on the temperature, speed, and composition field of biodiesel was also given. The results show that the simplified mechanism of biodiesel, Bio-37, can effectively reduce the reaction step to less than 100 under the premise of a better prediction of the high temperature ignition characteristics. Compared with petro-diesel, the oxygen characteristic of biodiesel is fully developed in the Stirlirg engine, when fueled with biodiesel. The flow fields of combustion temperatures and velocity are more uniform, the temperature of the flame baffle is lower, and the safety of the equipment is improved. With the increase in ejection ratio, the maximum temperature in the combustion chamber can be reduced, while the uniformity of temperature distribution can be improved, the temperature and flow intensity near the heat exchanger can be increased, and the thermal efficiency can be improved owning to the enhancement of heat and mass transfer. An increase in ejection ratio can also reduce the heat load of flame baffle and improve the reliability of Stirling engine.

Key words: biodiesel, ejection, Stirling engine, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

U674.7

王林涛, 孙春华, 林志民, 虞翔宇, 乔信起, 袁雄, 王继刚. 引射比对生物柴油斯特林发动机燃烧影响的仿真研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2020, 54(8): 856-865.

WANG Lintao, SUN Chunhua, LIN Zhimin, YU Xiangyu, QIAO Xinqi, YUAN Xiong, WANG Jigang. Simulation Study of Effect of Ejection Ratio on Combustion of a Stirling Engine Fueled with Biodiesel[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2020, 54(8): 856-865.

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生物柴油体积分数/%	氧气体积分数/%	氩气体积分数/%	当量比
0.109	3.9956	95.7864	0.75
0.182	3.9927	95.6443	1.25

物理性质		生物柴油	石化柴油
20℃时密度/(kg·m^-3)		884.9	840.4
20℃运动黏度/(mm²·s^-1)		8.208	6.543
40℃运动黏度/(mm²·s^-1)		4.959	3.820
低热值/(MJ·kg^-1)		42.44	42.84
碳质量分数/%		78	86
氢质量分数/%		12	14
氧质量分数/%		10	0
馏程/℃	T10	192.3	272.6
	T50	329.9	276.4
	T90	334.3	289.1
十六烷值		47.5	40-50

喷油量/ (kg·h^-1)	引射比	喷射压力/ MPa	背压/ MPa	过量氧气系数	燃气温度/K
15	4	6	2.0	1.1	523
15	7	6	2.0	1.1	523
15	10	6	2.0	1.1	523

数据来源	挡焰板平均温度/℃	出口氧气体积浓度/%
试验	1600	9.8
仿真	1527	10.1
误差/%	3.9	3.01