考虑风险公平的危险品运输车辆调度优化

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了减小危险品运输过程中各人口聚集区域间风险分布差异，提出了一种多源目的(OD)间同时进行危险品运输时考虑风险公平的车辆调度优化方法.提出了采用标准差来衡量各人口聚集区域间风险差异的风险公平性评价方案.设计了考虑风险分布公平的车辆调度数学模型，通过获取周期性调度方案来减小人口聚集区域间的风险差异，实现区域风险分布公平的目标.为了降低求解难度，将模型分解并增加决策者交互环节后，设计了两阶段算法求解.通过算例分析表明，该方法可在不同OD间同时运输危险品时，通过调节运输车辆选择不同路径运输的频次，在保证运输总成本和总风险可接受的前提下，达到风险公平性最优的目标.

关键词: , 公路运输, 车辆调度, 多目标优化, 危险品运输, 风险公平

Abstract: In order to reduce the difference of risk distribution among the populated areas along hazardous materials transportation route, a vehicle scheduling method considering risk equity is proposed when hazardous materials are transported simultaneously between multi origindestination (OD) pairs. The risk equity evaluation method which reflects the risk difference among all populated area by standard deviation is proposed firstly. A vehicle scheduling model focusing on risk equity is designed, and the periodic scheduling scheme is obtained to reduce the differences of the accumulation risk in inter regional population so as to achieve a goal of risk equity. For reducing the solution difficulty of the model, a twophase algorithm is proposed after decomposing the model and increasing the interaction among decisionmakers. The example analysis shows that the method can get the optimal vehicle scheduling by adjusting the absolute frequency of vehicles in different routes selection, and can realize the goal of risk equity with the premise of acceptable total cost and total risk.

Key words: highway transportation, vehicle scheduling, multiobjective optimization, hazardous materials transportation, risk equity

中图分类号:

U 492.3

柴获1,2,3，何瑞春2，马昌喜2，代存杰1,2,3. 考虑风险公平的危险品运输车辆调度优化[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2017, 51(7): 855-862.

CHAI Huo1,2,3,HE Ruichun2,MA Changxi2,DAI Cunjie1,2,3. Optimization for Vehicle Scheduling Problem of
Hazardous Materials Transportation Considering Risk Equity[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2017, 51(7): 855-862.

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