上海交通大学学报

上海交通大学学报（自然版） ›› 2012, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 1774-1778.

• 自动化技术、计算机技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于非均匀分簇和最小能耗的无线传感网络路由算法

张瑞华1，贾智平1，程合友2   

  1. (1. 山东大学 计算机科学与技术学院，  济南 250101； 2. 山东第二轻工业厅 经济技术情报所，  济南 250061)  
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-03 出版日期:2012-11-30 发布日期:2012-11-30
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目（61070022，No.60903031）; 山东大学自主创新基金资助项目（2012Z

The Routing Algorithm for WSNs Based on Unequal Clustering and Minimum Energy Consumption

 ZHANG  Rui-Hua-1, JIA  Zhi-Ping-1, CHENG  He-You-2   

  1. (1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Ji’nan 250101, China; 2. Shandong Second Light Industry Economic and Technologic Information Department, Ji’nan 250061, China）
  • Received:2012-02-03 Online:2012-11-30 Published:2012-11-30

摘要： 摘要： 
簇头以多跳方式传输数据到网关时，靠近网关的簇头由于负担较多的转发任务而过早死亡，从而造成了“能量空洞”现象.文中提出了一种基于非均匀分簇的能量有效的无线传感网络路由算法（UCRA）.它包括非均匀分簇算法和最小能耗路由算法2部分.首先提出一种加权的非均匀分簇算法（WUCA），在分簇时考虑了节点的选票和传输距离.在簇间通信时提出了最小能耗多跳路由算法.它利用位置信息计算最优转发簇头位置，从而指导下一跳簇头的选择.仿真结果表明，UCRA算法能很好地平衡网络能耗，延长网络生命周期.
关键词： 
无线传感器网络； 非均匀分簇； 路由算法； 能量效率
中图分类号：  TP 212.1
文献标志码：  A    

Abstract: Clustering and multi-hop routing can improve the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, when cluster heads transmit their data to a sink via multihop communication, nodes around the sink are burdened with heavy relay traffic and tend to die early, which results in the energy hole and network partition problems. This paper proposed an energy efficient unequal-clustering routing algorithm (UCRA) for WSNs, which consists of a weighted unequal-clustering algorithm (WUCA) and a multihop routing algorithm. WUCA takes into consideration the vote and transmission power of a sensor node when grouping the sensor nodes into unequal clusters. This paper designed the minimum energy consumption (MEC) multi-hop routing algorithm for intercluster communication. It exploits sensor nodes’ location information to determine an MEC routing path. The simulation results show that UCRA balances the energy consumption among sensor nodes and achieves a substantial improvement on the network lifetime.  

Key words: wireless sensor networks, unequal clustering, routing algorithm, energy efficiency