基于预定时间一致性的直流微电网分布式协同控制

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.050

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决直流微电网中分布式电源的协同控制问题,提出了一种基于预定时间一致性的微电网控制方法.首先提出一种基于预定时间控制的电流控制方法,能够实现在预先设定的时间内各分布式电源按比例输出功率,同时可以调节各分布式电源出口电压,将其恢复至额定值附近.然后通过MATLAB/Simulink建立微电网仿真系统,在不同工况下验证了所提出控制策略的有效性.最后在仿真系统中建立有限时间控制策略,并与预定时间控制策略下系统电流的电能质量与系统收敛预估时间的保守性进行比较,说明与验证了所提出的控制策略的优点.

关键词: 直流微电网, 下垂控制, 分布式控制, 二次控制, 预定时间一致性

Abstract:

A microgrid control method based on prescribed time control is proposed to solve the cooperative control problem of distributed energy resources (DER) in DC microgrid. First, a current control method based on prescribed time control is proposed, which can allocate the power output of each DER proportionally within a pre-defined time. Meanwhile, the outlet voltage of each distributed power supply can be adjusted to be near the rated value and the observation value can be kept at the rated value. Then, the microgrid system is simulated through MATLAB/Simulink and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified in different working conditions. Afterward, the finite-time control strategy is established in the simulated system. A comparison of the conservative power quality of the system current with the estimated time of system convergence in the scheduled-time control strategy verifies the advantages of the proposed strategy.

Key words: direct current (DC) microgrids, droop control, distributed control, secondary control, prescribed-time consensus

中图分类号:

TM732

周儒畅, 王子强, 王杰. 基于预定时间一致性的直流微电网分布式协同控制[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(7): 824-834.

ZHOU Ruchang, WANG Ziqiang, WANG Jie. Distributed Prescribed-Time Consensus Based Cooperative Control for DC Microgrids[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(7): 824-834.

图/表 12

表1

不同控制方法HTHD对比

控制方法	控制输入	H_THD/%
固定时间方法1^[22]	$y ·$ =-k₁sig(y $) p q$ -k₂sig(y $) 2 - p q$	23.32
固定时间方法2^[24]	$y ·$ =-k₁sig(y $) p q$ -k₂sig(y $) 2 - p q$ -k₃sgn(y)	17.17
固定时间方法3^[25]	$y ·$ =-k₁sig(y $) p q$ -k₂sig(y $) 2 - p q$ -k₃tanh(y)	22.13
预定时间方法参数1	T_p=0.05, b=60, k=2, α=3	9.12
预定时间方法参数2	T_p=0.3, b=30, k=2, α=3	16.93

表1

图1

图2

表2

图3

表3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表4

表5

不同控制参数下系统收敛时间及准确度

参数	T_r/s	$T - p$ /s	Z_Q/%
T_p=0.5, α =3, b=50	0.19	0.2	95
k₁=500, k₂=500, p=7, q=9	0.72	4.50	16
k₁=1 000, k₂=1 000, p=7, q=9	0.55	2.62	20.9
k₁=1 500, k₂=1 500, p=7, q=9	0.49	1.91	25.7
k₁=2 000, k₂=2 000, p=7, q=9	0.41	1.53	26.8
k₁=2 500, k₂=2 500, p=7, q=9	0.39	1.29	30.2
k₁=3 000, k₂=3 000, p=7, q=9	0.27	0.82	32.9

表5

参考文献 29

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方法	收敛时间与系统初值是否有关	函数抖振	收敛时间估计上限保守性	能否预先确定收敛时间
有限时间一致性	√	√	高	×
固定时间一致性	×	√	高	×
预定时间一致性	×	×	低	√

参数	取值	参数
DG控制器下垂系数k_i	0.2	直流母线额定电压/V	500
DC/DC滤波电容/mF	0.5	DC/DC滤波电感/mH	0.1
电流内环PI	K_P1=0.1	电压外环PI	K_P2=0.1
	K_I1=1		K_I2=1
电流补偿项PI	K_P3=0	电压补偿项PI	K_P4=1
	K₁₃=1		K₁₄=5

控制参数	H_THD
控制参数	t_smk= [0.5,3) s	t_smk= [3,6) s	t_smk= [6,8) s
T_p=0.5, α =3, b=50	1.02	0.49	1.42
T_p=0.2, α =3, b=50	0.89	0.48	1.42
k₁=500, k₂=500, p=7, q=9	1.53	0.50	2.05
k₁=1 000, k₂=1 000, p=7, q=9	1.61	0.50	2.31
k₁=1 500, k₂=1 500, p=7, q=9	1.64	0.50	2.52
k₁=2 000, k₂=2 000, p=7, q=9	1.68	0.52	2.64
k₁=2 500, k₂=2 500, p=7, q=9	1.93	0.64	2.68
k₁=3 000, k₂=3 000, p=7, q=9	1.95	0.66	2.78