碳交易环境下含风电电力系统短期生产模拟

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2021.295

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高风电参与市场的竞争力,促进电力系统低碳化运行,满足风电出力不确定性对电力系统生产模拟模型的完善性、灵活性提出的新要求,从低碳经济角度分析电能成本构成,应用随机规划理论,提出一种含风电电力系统短期生产模拟模型,该模型以短期电能成本期望值最小为目标,考虑碳交易市场的参与,协同优化日前发电出力、实时功率调整、发电备用容量、弃风和切负荷.以改进的IEEE-39节点系统为例,量化评估了碳交易机制、碳交易价格、风电装机规模对短期电能成本的影响及对碳减排的贡献.结果表明,所提模型能够有效分析碳交易环境下含风电电力系统短期电能成本、碳排放、运行风险等情况,具有较好的应用前景.

关键词: 风电, 生产模拟, 低碳经济, 随机规划, 碳交易市场

Abstract:

In order to improve the competitiveness of wind power in participating in the power market, promote low-carbon operation of the power system, and meet the new requirements for the completeness and flexibility of the production simulation model due to the uncertainty of wind power output,this paper analyzes the electricity cost composition from the perspective of low-carbon economy, and applies the stochastic programming theory to propose a short-term production simulation model of power system containing wind power. Considering the participation of the carbon trading market, this model aims to minimize the expected cost of electricity production in a short-term time scale, and coordinately optimize the day-ahead power output, real-time power regulation, power reserve capacity, wind curtailment, and load shedding. Taking the modified IEEE 39-bus system as an example, this paper quantitatively evaluates the impact of carbon trading mechanism, carbon trading price, and wind power installed capacity on electricity costs and their contributions to carbon emission reduction. The simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively analyze the short-term electricity cost, carbon emissions, and operational risks of the power system containing wind power under the carbon trading environment, thus has a promise application prospect.

Key words: wind power, production simulation, low-carbon economy, stochastic programming, carbon trading market

中图分类号:

TM73
TM614

刘明涛, 谢俊, 张秋艳, 包长玉, 常逸凡, 段佳南, 施雄华, 鲍永. 碳交易环境下含风电电力系统短期生产模拟[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2021, 55(12): 1598-1607.

LIU Mingtao, XIE Jun, ZHANG Qiuyan, BAO Changyu, CHANG Yifan, DUAN Jianan, SHI Xionghua, BAO Yong. Short-Term Production Simulation of Power System Containing Wind Power Under Carbon Trading Environment[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2021, 55(12): 1598-1607.

图/表 11

表1

图1

图2

表2

发电机组参数

机组 i	P_i_{, max}/ MW	P_i_{, min}/ MW	a_i/(美元·h^-1)	b_i/(美元· MW^-1·h^-1)	c_i/(美元· MW^-2·h^-1)	A_up/dw,_i/ (MW^-1·h^-1)	$t i, min on / off$ / h	$C i SU / SD$ / 美元	α_i/ (t·h^-1)	β_i/(t· MW^-1·h^-1)	γ_i/(t· MW^-2·h^-1)
G1	455	150	1000	16.19	0.00048	130	8	4500	10.33908	-0.24444	0.00312
G2	455	150	970	17.26	0.00031	130	8	5000	10.33908	-0.24444	0.00312
G3	130	20	700	16.60	0.00200	60	5	550	30.03910	-0.40695	0.00509
G4	130	20	680	16.50	0.00211	60	5	560	30.03910	-0.40695	0.00509
G5	162	25	450	19.70	0.00398	90	6	900	32.00006	-0.38132	0.00344
G6	80	20	370	22.26	0.00712	40	3	170	32.00006	-0.38132	0.00344
G7	85	25	480	27.74	0.00079	40	3	260	33.00056	-0.39023	0.00465
G8	55	10	660	25.92	0.00413	40	1	30	33.00056	-0.39023	0.00465
G9	55	10	665	27.27	0.00222	40	1	30	35.00056	-0.39524	0.00465
G10	55	10	670	27.79	0.00173	40	1	30	36.00012	-0.39864	0.00470

表2

图3

表3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表4

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	内部成本	外部成本
确定性成本	日前电能燃料与启停成本备用容量购买成本	日前碳交易成本
不确定性成本	火电出力调整部分的有功平衡成本切负荷、弃风惩罚成本	火、风电出力调整部分的碳交易成本

运行模式	总运行成本/ 万美元	碳交易成本/ 万美元	燃料与启停成本/万美元	备用容量成本/万美元	弃风风险成本/万美元	切负荷风险成本/万美元
传统运行模式	56.60	7.49	47.18	1.69	0.25	0
低碳运行模式	36.44	-15.80	53.47	1.83	0.17	0

风电装机容量/MW	总运行成本/ 万美元	燃料成本/ 万美元	备用容量成本/万美元	碳排放量/t
0	55.51	64.24	0	14581.19
100	50.05	60.47	0.82	13310.34
200	44.66	57.30	1.30	11941.67
300	39.68	53.47	1.83	11051.28
400	34.69	49.90	2.35	10076.92
500	30.09	46.73	2.96	9035.56