上海交通大学学报

上海交通大学学报

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主屏蔽罩电位分布对真空灭弧室内部绝缘性能影响（网络首发）

  

  1. 郑州大学电气与信息工程学院
  • 基金资助:
    国家高层次人才特殊支持计划（SQ2022QB06966）资助项目

Effect of Potential Distribution of Main Shield on Internal Insulation Performance of Vacuum Interrupter

  1. (School of Electrical and Information, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

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摘要： 真空断路器作为一种环保型开关设备具有广泛的应用前景，在单断口和多断口真空断路器中存在真空灭弧室主屏蔽罩电位分布不均问题，且罐式结构电位分布不均更加显著。 为研究主屏蔽罩电位分布对真空灭弧室内部绝缘性能的影响，本文建立真空灭弧室主屏蔽罩分压模型，利用COMSOL软件计算分析，通过真空灭弧室外侧构造电容方式改变主屏蔽罩电位占断口间电位百分比，得到主屏蔽罩电位变化对内部电场影响规律。在此基础上，以10kV真空灭弧室为对象，开展了不同主屏蔽罩分压下的工频和雷电冲击耐压实验。研究表明：真空灭弧室内部电场强度随着主屏蔽罩电位的增大先减小后增加，且在主屏蔽罩分压为50%时，真空灭弧室内部最大场强最小。实验与仿真结果基本一致，在6mm触头开距下，主屏蔽罩电位为断口间电位50%时工频击穿电压提高5.4%，雷电冲击电压提高6.7%。本研究为提高真空灭弧室内部绝缘性能及向更高电压等级真空断路器的应用提供参考。

关键词: 真空灭弧室, 主屏蔽罩电位, 电场仿真, 绝缘性能

Abstract: As an environmentally friendly switchgear, vacuum circuit breakers have a wide range of application prospects. There is a problem of uneven potential distribution in the main shielding cover of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber in single and break vacuum circuit breakers, and the uneven potential distribution in the tank structure is more significant. To study the influence of the potential distribution of the main shielding cover on the internal insulation performance of the vacuum interrupter, this paper establishes a partial voltage model of the main shielding cover of the vacuum interrupter. COMSOL software is used to calculate and analyze the effect of the main shielding cover potential change on the internal electric field by constructing a capacitor on the outside of the vacuum interrupter to change the percentage of the main shielding cover potential in the inter fracture potential. The law of the influence of the main shielding cover potential change on the internal electric field is obtained. On this basis, power frequency and lightning impulse withstand voltage experiments were conducted on a 10kV vacuum arc extinguishing chamber under different main shielding cover voltages. Research has shown that the electric field strength inside the vacuum interrupter decreases first and then increases with the increase of the main shielding potential, and the maximum field strength inside the vacuum interrupter is the smallest when the main shielding voltage is 50%. The simulation and experimental results are basically consistent. At a contact distance of 6mm, when the potential of the main shielding cover is 50% of the inter fracture potential, the power frequency breakdown voltage increases by 5.4% and the lightning impulse voltage increases by 6.7%. This study provides reference for improving the internal insulation performance of vacuum arc extinguishing chambers and for the application of higher voltage level vacuum circuit breakers.

Key words: vacuum interrupter, main shield potential, electric field simulation, insulation performance

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