考虑频率稳定约束的电-氢互补多楼宇协调优化调度

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2022.380

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现“碳达峰、碳中和”的双碳目标,电-氢互补综合能源系统的推进意义重大,但随着可再生能源的渗透率逐渐提高,系统的惯量水平下降,频率安全受到威胁.针对传统的优化调度方法无法保证系统的频率稳定性这一问题,提出了一种考虑频率稳定约束的电-氢互补多楼宇协调优化调度方法.首先,建立了以楼宇为底层单元的电-氢综合能源系统架构,系统内的可再生能源发电机组采用虚拟同步发电机技术进行控制,以提高系统的惯量水平;其次,以调度周期内系统总运行成本最小为目标,并考虑了并网和孤岛不同运行模式下系统的惯量需求,建立了考虑系统频率稳定约束的优化调度模型;最后,通过算例仿真验证了所提方法对系统频率稳定的有效性、经济性和环保性.

关键词: 双碳目标, 氢储能系统, 虚拟惯量, 频率稳定约束, 优化调度

Abstract:

In order to achieve the dual carbon goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”, it is of great significance to promote the electric and hydrogen complementary integrated energy system. However, with the gradual increase of the penetration rate of renewable energy, the inertia level of the system decreases, and the frequency security is threatened. Aimed at the problem that the traditional optimization scheduling method cannot guarantee the frequency stability of the system, a coordinated optimization scheduling method of electric-hydrogen complementary multiple buildings considering the frequency stability constraint is proposed. First, the architecture of the electric-hydrogen integrated energy system with the building as the ground floor unit is established, and the renewable energy generator sets in the system are controlled by the virtual synchronous generator technology to improve the inertia level of the system. Then, aimed at minimizing the total operating cost of the system in the scheduling period, and considering the inertia requirements of the system in different operation modes of grid-connected and islanding, an optimal scheduling model considering the system frequency stability constraint is established. Finally, an example is given to verify the effectiveness, economy, and environmental protection of the proposed method for frequency stability of the system.

Key words: dual carbon targets, hydrogen storage system, virtual moment of inertia, frequency stability constraint, optimal dispatch

中图分类号:

TM732

范宏, 王兰坤, 邢梦晴, 田书欣, 于伟南. 考虑频率稳定约束的电-氢互补多楼宇协调优化调度[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2023, 57(12): 1559-1570.

FAN Hong, WANG Lankun, XING Mengqing, TIAN Shuxin, YU Weinan. Coordinated Scheduling of Multiple Buildings with Electric-Hydrogen Complementary Considering Frequency Stability Constraints[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2023, 57(12): 1559-1570.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

表1

发电机组参数

参数	取值	参数	取值
$P 1 W, m a x$ /kW	100	$P 3 G, m a x$ /kW	100
$H 1 W$ /s	8	$H 3 G$ /s	5
$δ 1 W$ /%	4	$δ 3 G$ /%	5
$P 2 W, m a x$ /kW	120	$P 1 F C, m a x$ /kW	70
$H 2 W$ /s	8	$H 1 H S$ /s	1~3
$δ 2 W$ /%	5	$δ 1 H S$ /%	3
$P 1 G, m a x$ /kW	80	$P 2 F C, m a x$ /kW	90
$H 1 G$ /s	4.8	$H 2 H S$ /s	1~3
$δ 1 G$ /%	4.5	$δ 2 H S$ /%	3.5
$P 2 G, m a x$ /kW	80	$P 3 F C, m a x$ /kW	100
$H 2 G$ /s	4.8	$H 3 H S$ /s	1~3
$δ 2 G$ /%	4.5	$δ 3 H S$ /%	3.5

表1

表2

系统关键参数

参数	取值	参数	取值
$P m a x g r i d$ /kW	80	\|Δf_max\|/Hz	0.8
η^ch/%	70	\| $R m a x C F$ \|/(Hz·s^-1)	1
η^dis/%	80	$S i O C - m i n$ /%	10
γ^max	3	$S i, t 0 O C$ /%	50
D	1.0	$S i O C - m a x$ /%	100

表2

表3

图4

表4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

表5

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参数/ [元·(kW·h)^-1]	取值	参数/ [元·(kW·h)^-1]	取值
σ^G,CB	0.01	σ^grid	0.49
σ^grid,CB	0.014 02	α^W	0.016 4
σ^G,R	0.065 7	α^PV	0.013 5
σ^G	0.674	α^G	0.085 9
σ^s,b	0.3

运行方式	Δf/Hz		R^CF/(Hz·s^-1)
运行方式	本文模型	仿真模型	本文模型	仿真模型
并网时刻1	-0.21	-0.23	-0.28	-0.27
并网时刻2	-0.35	-0.38	-0.47	-0.49
并网时刻3	-0.12	-0.11	-0.25	-0.26
孤岛时刻1	-0.35	-0.33	-0.47	-0.47
孤岛时刻2	-0.41	-0.47	-0.55	-0.56
孤岛时刻3	-0.32	-0.36	-0.50	-0.49

运行方式	碳排放成本/元
运行方式	场景1	场景2	场景3
并网模式	66.838	69.958	73.676
孤岛模式	41.295	42.726	43.674