软土地区分隔型基坑群变形特性实测分析

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2018.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以上海国际航空中心基坑群工程为例，通过现场实测数据统计分析结合数值分析方法，分析了分隔型基坑群变形特性．深入研究了分隔型基坑群施工过程中隔墙变形、围护结构侧向变形和坑后土体沉降的发展规律，分析对比了不同区域围护结构变形和坑外地表沉降的差异．对比基坑群工程和传统基坑工程．结果表明，基坑群施工中隔墙变形先增大后减小，受后续开挖影响显著；基坑群分隔带处围护结构最大变形平均为0.16%H（H为基坑开挖深度），远小于上海地区平均值0.60%H；分隔带处坑外地表沉降仅有0.14%H，小于上海地区平均值0.40%H．研究可以揭示基坑群变形叠加机制，评估基坑群施工对环境的影响，对后续基坑群施工和敏感建构筑物保护有一定的借鉴意义．

关键词: 基坑群, 隔墙变形, 围护结构变形, 坑外地表沉降

Abstract:

With the fast increasing of urban underground space developments in China, a new kind of underground construction, deep excavation group, has been developed, which means a group of adjacent / related excavations constructed at the same time or the super-large excavation divided into small pits. The excavation groups are divided into three kinds according to the special relation of different parts, including the divided, jointed, and adjacent ones. Based on the project of Shanghai International Aviation Centre excavation group, the deformation characteristics of divided excavation groups which is one of the typical types, was studied by statistical analysis method of field measured data in the research. The deformation of partition walls, lateral displacement of underground walls and ground settlement during construction were studied in detail and their differences in different location were analyzed. The differences between traditional excavation and the excavation group were also compared in the research. Research shows that the deformation of partition walls increases first and then decreases, and it is affected by the nearby excavating. In the partition zone, the average maximum lateral displacement of the undergroud wall is 0.16%H, which is smaller than the average of 0.60%H in Shanghai and the average maximum ground settlement is 0.14% H, which is also smaller than the average of 0.40% H in Shanghai. The study provides a very strong reference value for other excavation group construction and protection of sensitive buildings.

Key words: excavation group, partition wall deformation, underground wall deformation, ground settlement

中图分类号:

TU470

范凡, 章红兵, 王建华, 陈锦剑, 张毅鹏. 软土地区分隔型基坑群变形特性实测分析[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2018, 52(02): 133-140.

FAN Fan, ZHANG Hongbing, WANG Jianhua, CHEN Jinjian, ZHANG Yipeng. Deformation Characteristics of Divided Excavation Groups in Soft Soil[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2018, 52(02): 133-140.

图/表 17

表1

表2

表3

图1

图2

图3

表4

图4

图5

图6

图7

表5

图8

表6

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 12

[1]	TAN Y, WANG D. Characteristics of a large-scale deep foundation pit excavated by the central-island technique in Shanghai soft clay. I: Bottom-up construction of the central cylindrical shaft[J]. Journal of Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2013, 139(11): 1875-1893.
[2]	SHEN J. Analyses and countermeasures on interaction among large-scale group excavation projects[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2012, 34(S): 272-276.
[3]	陈锦剑, 王建华, 杜毅, 等. 两侧深基坑开挖影响下浅埋运营隧道的位移特性[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2011, 7(6): 1163-1167.
	CHEN Jinjian, WANG Jianhua, DU Yi, et al. Movement of the shallow operating tunnel due to adjacent deep excavation on both sides[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2011, 7(6): 1163-1167.
[4]	ZHANG H B, CHEN J J, FAN F, et al. Deformation monitoring and performance analysis on the shield tunnel influenced by adjacent deep excavations[J]. Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2017, 30(2): B4015002.
[5]	WANG J H, CHEN J J, LI M G. Concept and characters of deep excavation groups in urban underground space development[J]. Japanese Geotechnical Society Special Publication, 2015, 2(44): 1559-1562.
[6]	WANG Z W, NG C W, LIU G B. Characteristics of wall deflections and ground surface settlements in[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2005, 42(42): 1243-1254.
[7]	王卫东, 王浩然, 徐中华. 上海地区板式支护体系基坑变形预测简化计算方法[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2012(10): 1792-1800.
	WANG Weidong, WANG Haoran, XU Zhonghua. Simplified method of deformation prediction for excavations retained by embedded walls in Shanghai soft soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2012(10): 1792-1800.
[8]	李明广, 徐安军, 董锋, 等. 下穿运营高铁及地铁的交通枢纽深基坑数值分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(S2): 386-390.
	LI Mingguang, XU Anjun, Dong Feng, et al. Numerical study on a deep excavation of transportation hub underlying operating railways and a metro station[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(S2): 386-390.
[9]	沈健. 超大规模基坑工程群开挖相互影响的分析与对策[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2012, 34(S1): 272-276.
	SHEN Jian. Analyses and countermeasures on interaction among large-scale group excavation projects[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2012, 34(S1): 272-276.
[10]	李明广, 陈锦剑, 徐安军, 等. 深基坑开挖与紧邻运营铁路的相互影响分析[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2015, 11(2): 435-439.
	LI Mingguang, CHEN Jinjian, XU Anjun, et al. Interactive behavior between the deep excavation and close operating railway[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2015, 11(2): 435-439.
[11]	徐中华. 上海地区支护结构与主体地下结构相结合的深基坑变形性状研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学研究生院, 2007.
[12]	黄茂松, 朱晓宇, 张陈蓉. 基于周边既有建筑物承载能力的基坑变形控制标准[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(11): 2305-2311.
	HUANG Maosong, ZHU Xiaoyu, ZHANG Chenrong. Deformation controlling criterion for excavation based on bearing capacity of adjacent buildings[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012, 31(11): 2305-2311.

层号	土层名称	层厚／m	w／％	γ／（kN·m^-3）	e	C_c	p_s／MPa	E／MPa	ν	C／kPa	φ／（°）	ψ／（°）
①	填土	1.5～6.5	-	-	-	-	-	30.0	0.30	-	-	-
②	粉质粘土	0.5～2.0	27.4	18.0	0.94	0.168	0.78	30.0	0.30	12	31.5	2
③	淤泥质粉质粘土	2.5～6.9	34.7	17.2	1.18	0.241	0.84	22.5	0.35	12	29.8	2
④	淤泥质粘土	8.4～10.0	48.6	17.0	1.43	0.383	0.55	18.0	0.35	9	18.9	2
⑤	粉质粘土	5.0～8.1	34.2	18.2	1.03	0.244	1.01	45.0	0.35	12	28.3	2
⑥	粉质粘土	2.4～4.8	22.5	19.9	0.71	0.131	2.34	60.0	0.35	15	30.1	2
⑦₁	粉质粘土	9.4～13.1	29.9	18.9	0.84	0.101	11.44	70.0	0.30	21	29.8	2
⑦₂	粉砂	23.0～27.5	27.1	19.1	0.76	0.125	23.75	80.0	0.30	25	34.0	2

分区	开挖深度／m	地下室层数	面积／m²	支撑类型及标高
Z1	15.7	3	10 000	地面标高-1.000 m
Z2	?	?	11 000	第1道砼支撑-2.200 m
Z3	?	?	8 300	第2道砼支撑-7.800 m
?	?	?	?	第3道砼支撑-13.300 m
Z4	11.5	2	650	地面标高-1.000 m
Z5	?	?	543	第1道砼支撑-1.600 m
Z6	?	?	636	第2道钢支撑-4.900 m
Z7	?	?	574	第3道钢支撑-9.100 m

开挖基坑	起始时间	结束时间	持续时间／d
Z1	2014-03-15	2014-07-02	109
Z2	2014-10-20	2015-01-03	75
Z4	2014-11-30	2014-12-24	24
Z3	2015-04-17	2015-06-21	65
Z6	2015-06-11	2015-06-21	10
Z7	2015-09-17	2015-09-27	10

项目	类型	特点	测点
地下墙	A类	位于分隔带上的外墙	P26～P30，P32～P34 P36～P39，P41～P45
?	B类	位于分隔带上的隔墙	P11～P12，P22～P24
?	C类	分隔带外的隔墙	P07～P10，P18～P19
?	D类	分隔带外的外墙	P01～P06，P13～P17 P20～P21
坑后土体	E类	分隔带外侧，有分区	DB9～DB12
?	F类	无分隔带，有分区	DB4～DB8
?	G类	无分隔带，无分区	DB1～DB3

类型	（d_h／H）／％
类型	最大值	最小值	平均值
A类	0.39	0.02	0.16
B类	0.48	0.23	0.36
C类	1.04	0.35	0.69
D类	0.99	0.46	0.76