In Situ Atomic Reconstruction Engineering Modulating Graphene-Like MXene-Based Multifunctional Electromagnetic Devices Covering Multi-Spectrum

doi:10.1007/s40820-024-01391-8

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (0)

Download: PDF (7791 KB) HTML (0 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

With the diversified development of big data, detection and precision guidance technologies, electromagnetic (EM) functional materials and devices serving multiple spectrums have become a hot topic. Exploring the multispectral response of materials is a challenging and meaningful scientific question. In this study, MXene/TiO₂ hybrids with tunable conduction loss and polarization relaxation are fabricated by in situ atomic reconstruction engineering. More importantly, MXene/TiO₂ hybrids exhibit adjustable spectral responses in the GHz, infrared and visible spectrums, and several EM devices are constructed based on this. An antenna array provides excellent EM energy harvesting in multiple microwave bands, with |S₁₁| up to − 63.2 dB, and can be tuned by the degree of bending. An ultra-wideband bandpass filter realizes a passband of about 5.4 GHz and effectively suppresses the transmission of EM signals in the stopband. An infrared stealth device has an emissivity of less than 0.2 in the infrared spectrum at wavelengths of 6-14 µm. This work can provide new inspiration for the design and development of multifunctional, multi-spectrum EM devices.

Key words： Graphene-like MXene hybrids Multi-spectral response Multi-function antenna Ultra-wideband bandpass filter Electromagnetic device

Received: 24 January 2024 Published: 15 April 2024

Corresponding Authors: Mao-Sheng Cao

About author::

Ting-Ting Liu and Qi Zheng have equally contributed to this work.

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Ting-Ting Liu
	Qi Zheng
	Wen-Qiang Cao
	Yu-Ze Wang
	Min Zhang
	Quan-Liang Zhao
	Mao-Sheng Cao

Cite this article:

Ting-Ting Liu,Qi Zheng,Wen-Qiang Cao, et al. In Situ Atomic Reconstruction Engineering Modulating Graphene-Like MXene-Based Multifunctional Electromagnetic Devices Covering Multi-Spectrum[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2024, 16(1): 173-.

URL:

https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/nml/EN/10.1007/s40820-024-01391-8 OR https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/nml/EN/Y2024/V16/I1/173

Fig. 1 Fabrication and microstructure models of MXene/TiO2 hybrids. a Structural evolution process of the MXene/TiO2 hybrids. b-e Morphology of MT-2, MT-3, MT-4 and MT-5. f EDS mappings of MT-5

Fig. 2 Microstructure characterizations of MXene and MXene/TiO2 hybrids. TEM image of a, b Ti3C2Tx MXene, c MT-2, d MT-3, e MT-4 and f MT-5. g-i HRTEM images of MT-5. j-l Interfaces in MXene/TiO2 hybrids. m AFM image of MT-5. n-p Enlarged view of region I, II and III in m, respectively. q, r The height distribution along the dashed line in n and p, respectively

Fig. 3 EM response and microwave absorption performance of MXene/TiO2 hybrids. Complex permittivity of a MT-2, b MT-3, c MT-4 and d MT-5. e-h Cole-Cole plots of MT-3. The inserts are the charge difference density images of MT-3 with -OH, -O, and -F and that with Ti-vacancy defect. i, j Simulation images for E-field between two TiO2 nanoparticles, as well as between TiO2 nanoparticle and MXene. RL values of k MT-2, l MT-3, m MT-4 and n MT-5 versus frequency and thickness

Fig. 4 A multifunctional microstrip antenna array constructed by MXene/TiO2 hybrids. a Structure of the antenna array. b |S11| curves versus frequency. c Minimum |S11| values at different substrate thicknesses. d The maximum gains of MXene/TiO2 hybrids antenna arrays. e Schematic diagram of conformal antenna array. f |S11| curves at different degrees of bending. g Offset of center frequency and increment of gain (relative to unbending antenna array)

Fig. 5 An UWB bandpass filter constructed by MXene/TiO2 hybrids. a Application scenarios of UWB bandpass filters. |S11| and |S21| curves of b MT-5, c MT-4, d MT-3, and e MT-2 bandpass filters. f-i Surface current distributions in passband. j-m Surface current distributions in stopband

Fig. 6 a Infrared and visible-light response characteristics of MXene/TiO2 hybrids. a Schematic of infrared stealth and visible-light stealth. The power coefficient of b MT-2, c MT-3, d MT-4 and e MT-5 infrared stealth device. f Thermal infrared images. g Temperature increments under heating conditions. h UV-Vis absorption curves of MXene/TiO2 hybrids. i Enlarged view of the localized area in h. Current density of j MT-2, k MT-3, l MT-4 and m MT-5

1.	Q. Liu, Q. Cao, H. Bi, C. Liang, K. Yuan et al., CoNi@SiO₂@TiO₂ and CoNi@Air@TiO₂ microspheres with strong wideband microwave absorption. Adv. Mater. 28, 486-490 (2016).
2.	C. Wang, Y. Liu, Z. Jia, W. Zhao, G. Wu, Multicomponent nanoparticles synergistic one-dimensional nanofibers as heterostructure absorbers for tunable and efficient microwave absorption. Nano-Micro Lett. 15, 13 (2022).
3.	A. Xie, D. Sheng, W. Liu, Y. Chen, S. Cheng, Enhancing electromagnetic absorption performance of Molybdate@Carbon by metal ion substitution. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 163, 92-100 (2023).
4.	J. Yang, H. Wang, Y. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Gu, Layered structural PBAT composite foams for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Nano-Micro Lett. 16, 31 (2023).
5.	A. Xie, R. Guo, L. Wu, W. Dong, Anion-substitution interfacial engineering to construct C@MoS₂ hierarchical nanocomposites for broadband electromagnetic wave absorption. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 651, 1-8 (2023).
6.	X. Zhong, M.K. He, C.Y. Zhang, Y.Q. Guo, J.W. Hu, J.W. Gu, Heterostructured BN@Co-C@C endowing polyester composites excellent thermal conductivity and microwave absorption at C band. Adv. Funct. Mater. (2024).
7.	A. Xie, Z. Ma, Z. Xiong, W. Li, L. Jiang et al., Conjugate ferrocene polymer derived magnetic Fe/C nanocomposites for electromagnetic absorption application. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 175, 125-131 (2024).
8.	H. Sun, R. Che, X. You, Y. Jiang, Z. Yang et al., Cross-stacking aligned carbon-nanotube films to tune microwave absorption frequencies and increase absorption intensities. Adv. Mater. 26, 8120-8125 (2014).
9.	Y. Guo, F. Yin, Y. Li, G. Shen, J.-C. Lee, Incorporating wireless strategies to wearable devices enabled by a photocurable hydrogel for monitoring pressure information. Adv. Mater. 35, e2300855 (2023).
10.	J.-C. Shu, M.-S. Cao, M. Zhang, X.-X. Wang, W.-Q. Cao et al., Molecular patching engineering to drive energy conversion as efficient and environment-friendly cell toward wireless power transmission. Adv. Funct. Mater. 30, 1908299 (2020).
11.	G.-H. Lee, G.S. Lee, J. Byun, J.C. Yang, C. Jang et al., Deep-learning-based deconvolution of mechanical stimuli with Ti₃C₂T_x MXene electromagnetic shield architecture via dual-mode wireless signal variation mechanism. ACS Nano 14, 11962-11972 (2020).
12.	P. Song, B. Liu, C. Liang, K. Ruan, H. Qiu et al., Lightweight, flexible cellulose-derived carbon Aerogel@Reduced graphene oxide/PDMS composites with outstanding EMI shielding performances and excellent thermal conductivities. Nano-Micro Lett. 13, 91 (2021).
13.	J. Yan, Q. Zheng, S.-P. Wang, Y.-Z. Tian, W.-Q. Gong et al., Multifunctional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite microcrystalline engineering and electromagnetic response switching multi-band devices. Adv. Mater. 35, e2300015 (2023).
14.	Y. Li, J. Wu, P. Yang, L. Song, J. Wang et al., Multi-degree-of-freedom robots powered and controlled by microwaves. Adv. Sci. 9, 2203305 (2022).
15.	J. Chen, Y. Wang, Y. Liu, Y. Tan, J. Zhang et al., Fabrication of macroporous magnetic carbon fibers via the cooperative etching-electrospinning technology toward ultra-light microwave absorption. Carbon 208, 82-91 (2023).
16.	J. Zhao, H. Wang, Y. Li, Z. Wang, C. Fang et al., Construction of self-assembled bilayer core-shell V₂O₃ microspheres as absorber with superior microwave absorption performance. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 639, 68-77 (2023).
17.	S.-H. Kim, S.-Y. Lee, Y. Zhang, S.-J. Park, J. Gu, Carbon-based radar absorbing materials toward stealth technologies. Adv. Sci. 10, e2303104 (2023).
18.	F. Pan, Y. Rao, D. Batalu, L. Cai, Y. Dong et al., Macroscopic electromagnetic cooperative network-enhanced MXene/Ni chains aerogel-based microwave absorber with ultra-low matching thickness. Nano-Micro Lett. 14, 140 (2022).
19.	P. He, M.-S. Cao, W.-Q. Cao, J. Yuan, Developing MXenes from wireless communication to electromagnetic attenuation. Nano-Micro Lett. 13, 115 (2021).
20.	M. Han, Y. Liu, R. Rakhmanov, C. Israel, M. Abu Saleh Tajin et al., Solution-processed Ti₃C₂T_x MXene antennas for radio-frequency communication. Adv. Mater. 33, 2003225 (2021).
21.	Z. Liu, T. He, H. Sun, B. Huang, X. Li Layered, MXene heterostructured with In₂O₃ nanoparticles for ammonia sensors at room temperature. Sens. Actuat. B Chem. 365, 131918 (2022).
22.	X.S. Li, X.F. Ma, H.K. Zhang, N. Xue, Q. Yao et al., Ambient-stable MXene with superior performance suitable for widespread applications. Chem. Eng. J. 455, 140635 (2023).
23.	L. Cai, H. Jiang, F. Pan, H. Liang, Y. Shi et al., Linkage effect induced by hierarchical architecture in magnetic MXene-based microwave absorber. Small 20, e2306698 (2024).
24.	C. Peng, X. Yang, Y. Li, H. Yu, H. Wang et al., Hybrids of two-dimensional Ti₃C₂ and TiO₂ exposing{001}facets toward enhanced photocatalytic activity. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8, 6051-6060 (2016).
25.	R.B. Rakhi, B. Ahmed, M.N. Hedhili, D.H. Anjum, H.N. Alshareef, Effect of postetch annealing gas composition on the structural and electrochemical properties of Ti₂CT_x MXene electrodes for supercapacitor applications. Chem. Mater. 27, 5314-5323 (2015).
26.	X. Li, X. Yin, M. Han, C. Song, H. Xu et al., Ti₃C₂ MXenes modified with in situ grown carbon nanotubes for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption properties. J. Mater. Chem. C 5, 4068-4074 (2017).
27.	J.-X. Yang, W.-B. Yu, C.-F. Li, W.-D. Dong, L.-Q. Jiang et al., PtO nanodots promoting Ti₃C₂ MXene in situ converted Ti₃C₂/TiO₂ composites for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Chem. Eng. J. 420, 129695 (2021).
28.	A. Lipatov, M. Alhabeb, M.R. Lukatskaya, A. Boson, Y. Gogotsi et al., MXene materials: effect of synthesis on quality, electronic properties and environmental stability of individual monolayer Ti₃C₂ MXene flakes. Adv. Electron. Mater. 2, 1670068 (2016).
29.	M. Zhang, C. Han, W.-Q. Cao, M.-S. Cao, H.-J. Yang et al., A nano-micro engineering nanofiber for electromagnetic absorber, green shielding and sensor. Nano-Micro Lett. 13, 27 (2020).
30.	L.-H. Yao, J.-G. Zhao, Y.-C. Wang, M.-S. Cao, Manipulating electromagnetic response for tunable microwave absorption, electromagnetic interference shielding, and device. Carbon 212, 118169 (2023).
31.	L. Chang, Y.-Z. Wang, X.-C. Zhang, L. Li, H.-Z. Zhai et al., Toward high performance microwave absorber by implanting La_0.8CoO₃ nanoparticles on rGO. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 174, 176-187 (2024).
32.	X.-X. Wang, Q. Zheng, Y.-J. Zheng, M.-S. Cao, Green EMI shielding: Dielectric/magnetic “genes” and design philosophy. Carbon 206, 124-141 (2023).
33.	M. Qin, L. Zhang, H. Wu, Dielectric loss mechanism in electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. Adv. Sci. 9, e2105553 (2022).
34.	M. He, J. Hu, H. Yan, X. Zhong, Y. Zhang et al., Shape anisotropic chain-like CoNi/polydimethylsiloxane composite films with excellent low-frequency microwave absorption and high thermal conductivity. Adv. Funct. Mater. (2024).
35.	Y. Zhu, T. Liu, L. Li, M. Cao, Multifunctional WSe₂/Co₃C composite for efficient electromagnetic absorption, EMI shielding, and energy conversion. Nano Res. 17, 1655-1665 (2024).
36.	C. Wei, L. Shi, M. Li, M. He, M. Li et al., Hollow engineering of sandwich NC@Co/NC@MnO₂ composites toward strong wideband electromagnetic wave attenuation. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 175, 194-203 (2024).
37.	M. Dashti, J. David Carey, Graphene microstrip patch ultrawide band antennas for THz communications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 28, 1705925 (2018).
38.	M. Anas, M.M. Mustafa, D.G. Carey, A. Sarmah, J.J. LeMonte et al., Joule heating of carbon pixels for on-demand thermal patterning. Carbon 174, 518-523 (2021).
39.	S.G. Kim, T.V. Tran, J.S. Lee, Iron oxide-immobilized porous carbon nanofiber-based radio frequency identification (RFID) tag sensor for detecting hydrogen sulfide. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 112, 423-429 (2022).
40.	M.F. Zhou, B. Liu, C.C. Hu, K.X. Song, Ultra-low permittivity MgF₂ ceramics with high Qf values and their role as microstrip patch antenna substrates. Ceram. Int. 49, 369-374 (2023).
41.	A.D. Yaghjian, S.R. Best, Impedance, bandwidth, and Q of antennas. IEEE Trans. Anntenas. Propag. 53, 1298-1324 (2005).
42.	A. Lalbakhsh, M.U. Afzal, K.P. Esselle, S.L. Smith, All-metal wideband frequency-selective surface bandpass filter for TE and TM polarizations. IEEE Trans. Anntenas. Propag. 70, 2790-2800 (2022).
43.	K.-D. Xu, Y. Liu, Millimeter-wave on-chip bandpass filter using complementary-broadside-coupled structure. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. II Express Briefs 70, 2829-2833 (2023).
44.	Y. Feng, S. Fang, S. Jia, Z. Xu, Tri-layered stacked substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter using non-resonant nodes excitation. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. II Express Briefs 69, 1004-1008 (2022).
45.	W. Gu, J. Sheng, Q. Huang, G. Wang, J. Chen et al., Environmentally friendly and multifunctional shaddock peel-based carbon aerogel for thermal-insulation and microwave absorption. Nano-Micro Lett. 13, 102 (2021).
46.	Y. Wu, Y. Zhao, M. Zhou, S. Tan, R. Peymanfar et al., Ultrabroad microwave absorption ability and infrared stealth property of nano-micro CuS@rGO lightweight aerogels. Nano-Micro Lett. 14, 171 (2022).
47.	H. Yang, J. Zhou, Z. Duan, X. Liu, B. Deng et al., Amorphous TiO₂ beats P 25 in visible light photo-catalytic performance due to both total-internal-reflection boosted solar photothermal conversion and negative temperature coefficient of the forbidden bandwidth. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 310, 121299 (2022).
48.	W. Jiao, L. Zhang, R. Yang, J. Ning, L. Xiao et al., Synthesis of monolayer carbon-coated TiO₂ as visible-light-responsive photocatalysts. Appl. Mater. Today 27, 101498 (2022).

Links