针对现有顶管触变泥浆注浆试验设备无法模拟真实地层应力状态的问题，研制了一套可同步施加单轴轴压与孔隙水压的注浆试验装置。该装置由试样承载装置、应力施控系统、压力注浆系统和数字监测系统构成，可实现轴压与孔隙水压的独立控制，并实时监测关键物理量变化。利用该装置开展了不同埋深条件下的顶管注浆扩散模拟试验，分析了应力水平对注浆量及成膜时间的影响规律。在本文试验条件下，有效应力对注浆效果评价指标有显著影响：有效应力从0增至320 kPa时，土样渗透系数降低73%，成膜时间缩短91%，成膜前累计注浆和排水量减少83%，成膜后注浆和排水速率降低71%。该装置为泥浆的性能优化与工程应用提供了可靠的室内试验平台。

Existing test equipment for pipe-jacking thixotropic slurry grouting cannot simulate the actual stress state of strata. To address this limitation, a grouting test apparatus was developed that can simultaneously apply uniaxial axial pressure and pore water pressure. The apparatus consists of a sample holding device, a stress application and control system, a pressure grouting system, and a digital monitoring system, enabling independent control of axial pressure and pore water pressure while real-time monitoring of key physical quantities. Using this apparatus, grouting tests under different burial depth conditions were conducted to analyze the influence of effective stress on the grouting process. Under the conditions of this study, experimental results show that effective stress significantly influences grouting performance indicators. When the effective stress increases from 0 to 320 kPa, the permeability coefficient of the soil sample decreases by 73%, the filter cake formation time shortens by 91%, the cumulative slurry injection and drainage volume before filter cake formation decreases by 83%, and the slurry injection and drainage rate after filter cake formation reduces by 71%. The developed apparatus provides a reliable laboratory platform for slurry performance optimization and engineering applications.