虚拟电厂通过聚合分布式能源，在提升系统运行灵活性的同时具备较强的低碳潜力。为刻画低碳目标下的虚拟电厂聚合灵活域，本文提出一种嵌入碳排放约束的自适应鲁棒优化方法。首先，对虚拟电厂内多类型分布式能源进行统一建模，并结合功率、电压等运行约束，构建表征系统运行状态的高维状态空间；其次，基于碳排放流理论，建立潮流与碳排放传递相耦合的状态空间模型，实现对能量与碳排放的同步描述；在此基础上，通过线性映射将高维状态空间降维至变电站接口处聚合功率轨迹空间；进而构建两阶段自适应鲁棒优化模型，以拓展聚合灵活域并削减最不利扰动场景碳排放水平为目标，采用列约束生成算法进行求解；最后，算例结果表明，在碳排放约束作用下，系统灵活域由35.365MW降至33.916MW，降幅为4.098%；碳排放量由23.491t降至17.515t，减排幅度达25.210%。所提方法在适度调节灵活域的基础上，实现了碳排放的降低，平衡了运行灵活性与低碳需求，为低碳约束下虚拟电厂聚合灵活域刻画提供了一种可行方法。

Virtual power plants (VPP) aggregate distributed energy resources (DERs) to enhance system operational flexibility while simultaneously offering considerable potential for low-carbon operation. To characterize the aggregated flexibility of VPP with low-carbon objectives, this paper proposes an adaptive robust optimization (ARO) approach incorporating carbon emission constraints. First, a unified model of multi-type distributed energy resources within the VPP is established, and operating constraints such as power and voltage are integrated to construct a high-dimensional state space representing system operation. Second, based on carbon emission flow theory, a state-space model coupling power flow and carbon emission transfer is developed, enabling simultaneous characterization of energy and carbon emissions. This high-dimensional state space is then mapped to a low-dimensional aggregated power flexibility domain at the substation interface via linear dimension reduction. Further, a two-stage ARO model is formulated with the dual objectives of expanding the aggregated flexibility domain and reducing carbon emissions under the worst-case disturbance scenarios. The model is solved using the column-and-constraint generation (CCG) algorithm. Case study results demonstrate that with carbon emission constraints, the system flexibility domain is reduced from 35.365 MW to 33.916 MW, a decrease of 4.098%, while carbon emissions are reduced from 23.491 t to 17.515 t, a reduction of 25.210%. The proposed method effectively balances operational flexibility and low-carbon requirements, offering a feasible approach for characterizing the aggregated flexibility domain of VPP with carbon constraints.