随着高比例可再生能源的接入，电力系统惯量空间分布不均的问题凸显，传统系统等效惯量难以准确刻画扰动后不同节点频率变化率和电压变化率的差异及局部节点的惯量支撑裕度。为此，提出一种面向网络节点的等效复惯量建模与裕度评估方法。基于复频率理论建立节点等效复惯量模型，给出节点频率等效惯量和节点电压等效惯量的计算表达式；引入观测权重和扰动权重，构建节点—区域聚合模型，提出广义惯量区和节点惯量裕度指标，实现频率—电压双维度下的惯量充裕性评价；IEEE-39节点系统算例表明，所提方法能够刻画节点复惯量的空间分布差异，并通过广义惯量区直观识别局部惯量支撑薄弱区域。

With the integration of a high share of renewable energy, the spatially uneven distribution of inertia in power systems has become increasingly prominent. Conventional system-level equivalent inertia cannot accurately characterize the differences in the rates of change of frequency and voltage among different nodes after disturbances or the inertia support margins of local nodes. To address this issue, an equivalent complex inertia modeling and margin assessment method for network nodes is proposed. Based on complex-frequency theory, a nodal equivalent complex inertia model is established, and calculation expressions for nodal frequency equivalent inertia and nodal voltage equivalent inertia are formulated. By introducing observation weights and disturbance weights, a node-to-region aggregation model is constructed, and the generalized inertia zone and nodal inertia margin index are proposed to realize inertia adequacy assessment in both frequency and voltage dimensions. Case studies on the IEEE 39-bus system show that the proposed method can characterize the spatial distribution differences of nodal complex inertia and visually identify local areas with weak inertia support through the generalized inertia zone.