土体-电极界面电阻对电渗系统能耗和排水效率具有显著影响，其中电化学因素尤为重要。尽管已有研究通过经验或理论模型进行了分析，但多数模型缺乏客观的电化学依据。造成这种局限的根本原因在于缺乏能够直观捕捉界面电化学特征的原位监测技术。基于此，本文依托线性扫描伏安法（linear sweep voltammetry, LSV）原理，自主研发了适用于电渗界面的电化学原位监测装置。通过施加线性电位扫描获取极化曲线（即界面电流随电位变化曲线），实现界面电化学行为的可视化表征。为比较分析不同电极的电化学响应特性，本文选用了铜、铁、铝三种电极。结果表明，不同电极的极化曲线存在显著差异。按形态可分为线性型和非线性型，分别对应欧姆阻力和活化阻力的主导作用。基于此，本文提出了线性与非线性两类界面电阻模型，并验证了其在不同电极与土体条件下的适用性。非线性模型综合考虑多种电化学因素，是全面的模型。极化曲线为线性时，可简化为忽略活化阻力的线性模型。总之，本文构建了电化学原位监测与界面电阻建模的统一研究框架，为揭示电渗界面电化学机制提供了新的理论基础与技术支撑。

In electroosmosis, interfacial resistance has a significant impact on system energy consumption and drainage efficiency, with electrochemical factors being particularly crucial. Although existing studies have analyzed this through empirical or theoretical models, most of these models lack objective electrochemical evidence. The fundamental reason for this limitation lies in the absence of operando monitoring techniques capable of intuitively capturing the electrochemical characteristics of interfaces. Based on this, this paper relies on the principle of linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and independently develops an electrochemical operando monitoring device suitable for electroosmotic interfaces. By applying a linear potential scan to obtain polarization curves (i.e., curves representing the variation of interfacial current with potential), the electrochemical behavior of the interface is visually characterized. To compare and analyze the electrochemical response characteristics of different electrodes, copper, iron, and aluminum electrodes are selected in this paper. The results indicate significant differences in the polarization curves of different electrodes. These curves can be divided into linear and nonlinear types according to their morphology, corresponding to the dominant effects of ohmic resistance and activation resistance, respectively. Based on this, this paper proposes two types of interfacial resistance models: linear and nonlinear, and verifies their applicability under different electrode and soil conditions. The nonlinear model comprehensively considers various electrochemical factors and is suitable for characterizing the variation of interfacial resistance under complex conditions. When the polarization curve exhibits linear characteristics, the simplified linear model neglecting activation resistance can still maintain high fitting accuracy. In summary, this paper constructs a unified research framework for electrochemical operando monitoring and interfacial resistance modeling, providing new theoretical basis and technical support for revealing the electrochemical mechanism of soil-electrode interfaces and optimizing electroosmotic energy consumption.