柔性挡墙后地震土压力大小与挡墙位移模式及位移量息息相关，现有地震主动土压力理论往往忽略柔性挡土结构物实际受力变形特征。为探明柔性挡墙后有限土体非极限状态地震土压力的变化规律，解决既有地震土压力计算中挡墙位移效应和地震时间效应考虑不全的难题，基于水平微分单元法和拟动力法，推导了柔性挡墙后非极限地震土压力分布和土压力合力解析解。结果表明，柔性挡墙后有限土体地震土压力表现出随时间变化的周期性特征与随深度变化的非线性特征，计算结果与振动台试验结果有良好一致性；地震土压力随初始内摩擦角的增加、平均位移面积比的增加以及有限土体宽高比的减小而减小；地震加速度主要改变地震土压力合力幅值；地震土压力合力作用点高度随内摩擦角及平均位移面积比的增加而升高。研究结果可为实际工程中柔性挡土结构抗震设计提供一定理论参考。

The seismic earth pressure behind a flexible retaining wall is closely related to the wall displacement mode and displacement magnitude, whereas existing theories for active seismic earth pressure often neglect the actual stress-deformation characteristics of flexible retaining structures. To clarify the variation of non-limit state seismic earth pressure for limited soil behind flexible retaining walls and to address the insufficient consideration of wall displacement effects and seismic temporal effects in existing seismic earth pressure calculations, analytical solutions for the distribution of non-limit state seismic earth pressure and the resultant seismic earth pressure were derived based on the horizontal differential element method and the pseudo-dynamic method. The results show that the seismic earth pressure for limited soil behind flexible retaining walls exhibits periodic characteristics with time and nonlinear characteristics with depth, and that the calculated results agree well with the shaking table test results. The seismic earth pressure decreases with increasing initial internal friction angle, increasing average displacement area ratio, and decreasing width-to-height ratio of the limited soil. Seismic acceleration mainly affects the amplitude of the resultant seismic earth pressure. The height of the application point of the resultant seismic earth pressure increases with increasing internal friction angle and average displacement area ratio. The results can provide a theoretical reference for the seismic design of flexible retaining structures in practical engineering.