随着全球低空经济浪潮的兴起，各国竞相推出了一系列政策，旨在推动电动垂直起降飞行器（electric vertical take-off and landing，eVTOL）的应用与商业化。然而，纯电动的eVTOL面临着电池能量密度小、运行功率需求大和快速补能困难等挑战，限制了其续航和应用场景，为此亟需对其电池补能方案开展研究。本文为eVTOL设计了一个基于闭环供应链的电池充换电系统模型，并利用时空网络技术，在模型的换电站与充电站之间构建了一个高效灵活的电池物流运输系统。接着，以模型运营收益最大化为目标，对模型中电池的更换、运输和充电进行优化管理，并实现了eVTOL、换电站和充电站的联合运营。最后，利用Gurobi求解该模型，证明了其可行性。仿真结果还表明，该模型不仅能缓解eVTOL的续航焦虑，为其商业化提供助力，还能通过优化电池的充电策略，积极响应电网的调度规划。

With the global rise of the low-altitude economy, countries around the world have been rolling out a series of policies aimed at promoting the application and commercialization of electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. However, all-electric eVTOLs face challenges such as low battery energy density, high power demands during operation, and difficulties in rapid recharging, which limit their range and potential use cases. As a result, there is an urgent need to investigate battery charging and swapping solutions for eVTOLs. This paper designs a battery charging and swapping system model for eVTOLs based on a closed-loop supply chain. Leveraging time-space network techniques, an efficient and flexible battery logistics transportation system is established between swapping stations and the charging station within the model. The study then optimizes battery swapping, transportation, and charging operations with the objective of maximizing operational revenue, enabling the coordinated operation of eVTOLs, swap stations, and charging stations. Finally, the model is solved using Gurobi, demonstrating its feasibility. Simulation results also indicate that the proposed model not only alleviates range anxiety for eVTOLs, thereby supporting their commercialization, but also facilitates active participation in power grid dispatch planning by optimizing battery charging strategies.