建立了基于浮标的二阶非线性长峰波浪确定性重构和预报模型，在该模型中利用拟牛顿法迭代优化各频率自由波波幅和相位，采用二阶非线性模型模拟波浪演化，通过水池实验验证了模型精度。在波陡不超过0.1的海况中，实现了对长峰不规则波浪的准确重构和预报。线性模型不能考虑波浪非线性相互作用的影响，因此，它难以准确重构和预报波浪的相位和幅值，误差随波陡的增大而增大。与线性模型相比，二阶模型显著提高了波浪重构和预报精度。此外，基于多浮标的可重构与预报范围要大于各单个浮标的可重构与预报范围总和。可重构与预报范围大小随浮标个数的增大而增大。

A deterministic reconstruction and prediction model for nonlinear long-crest waves based on buoys is proposed. In this model, the quasi-Newton method is used to iteratively optimize the amplitude and phase of free waves, and the second-order nonlinear model is adopted to simulate the evolution of waves. The numerical model is validated through the experiments. In the sea states with wave steepness lower than 0.1, the long-crest irregular waves can be accurately reconstructed and predicted by the second-order model. The linear model excludes the influence of nonlinear wave-wave interaction; therefore, it cannot accurately reconstruct and predict the phase and amplitude of waves, and the error increases with the wave steepness. Compared with the linear model, the second-order model shows a better wave reconstruction and prediction accuracy. In addition, the predictable zone based on multiple buoys is larger than the sum of the predictable zone computed based on each single buoy. The predictable zone increases with the number of buoys.