针对高比例新能源的接入，电力系统易出现由频率波动增大、惯量不足、频率调节能力下降等安全威胁，导致电网运行风险增大，危害电力系统安全稳定运行，现有含频率安全的优化方法中普遍面临灵活性与实时性的问题。本文提出一种基于共性维度指标的多维频率安全域构建方法，将维度指标按比重结合作为安全域边界，并将模型预测控制策略应用于分层优化模型。通过在线调整机组出力，结合新能源出力随机性特征与多维频率安全域及其相关约束，实现层级之间的实时反馈与循环迭代修正，使系统频率的安全指标得以快速调整及平衡。在IEEE 39和IEEE 14系统中，利用结合模型预测控制的分层策略法对系统频率特性进行比较，测试结果表明所提方法可以改善系统高比例风电接入下的频率稳定性，在提高系统求解效率的同时，还能有效保证电网运行的可靠性与安全性。

With increasing renewable energy integration, power systems face security threats such as amplified frequency fluctuations, insufficient inertia, and diminished frequency regulation capability. These challenges increase operational risks and threaten grid stability. Existing frequency constrained optimization methods often struggle to balance flexibility and real-time capability. This paper introduces a multi-dimensional frequency security region construction method based on common-dimensional metrics, defining its boundary by integrating these metrics with weighted coefficients. A model predictive control strategy is applied to the hierarchical optimization framework. By dynamically adjusting generator outputs while accounting for renewable energy uncertainty and multi-dimensional frequency security region constraints, the method achieves real-time feedback and iterative refinement across hierarchical layers, enabling rapid frequency security control. Case studies on IEEE 39 and IEEE 14 systems demonstrate that this model predictive control is based on hierarchical optimization significantly improves frequency stability under high wind power penetration. Results confirm enhanced computational efficiency while ensuring reliable and secure grid operation.