船舶分段堆场调度是船舶建造中的关键环节。针对堆场吊运作业效率偏低的问题，本文构建面向分段堆场的数字孪生系统与高保真虚拟仿真环境，提出改进的A*HNSA两阶段优化方法，在数字孪生驱动下联合优化吊运次序与龙门吊路径。基于上海某船厂的真实调度数据，根据调度分段的数量，设置小/中/大型3类算例，并与现有方法对比。结果显示，本方法在3类算例中与已有方法对比，总运输距离分别降低3.51%、5.33%、6.79%，总调度时间分别降低3.82%，5.35%，7.07%，显著降低了龙门吊运输成本并提升了求解效率，且满足分段堆场数字孪生系统的在线响应要求。

Block yard scheduling is a crucial link in ship construction. To address the issue of low efficiency in yard hoisting operations, this paper constructs a digital twin system and a high-fidelity virtual simulation environment for block yards, and proposes an improved two-stage optimization method named A*HNSA. Driven by the digital twin, this method jointly optimizes the hoisting sequence and the gantry crane path. Based on the real scheduling data from a shipyard in Shanghai, three types of test cases (small, medium, and large) are set up according to the number of scheduling blocks, and comparisons are made with existing methods. The results show that, compared with existing methods in the three types of test cases, the proposed method reduces the total transportation distance by 3.51%, 5.33%, and 6.79% respectively, and shortens the total scheduling time by 3.82%, 5.35%, and 7.07% respectively. It significantly reduces the transportation cost of gantry cranes, improves the solution efficiency, and meets the online response requirements of the block yard digital twin system.