针对Cu-6Ag合金铸锭在凝固过程中易产生缩孔、缩松等缺陷的问题，开展其充型与凝固过程的数值模拟与实验研究。基于有限元方法，采用ProCAST软件建立Cu-6Ag合金铸锭的数值模型，系统分析浇注温度、换热系数和浇注时间对铸锭缺陷的影响规律。研究结果表明：浇注温度对二次缩孔深度影响显著，1300 ℃时二次缩孔深度最小（4.89 cm）；当换热系数小于5000 W/(m²·K)时，缩孔深度随换热系数增大而显著增加；延长浇注时间至150 s可有效抑制一、二次缩孔形成。经实验验证，1300 ℃下铸锭利用率达76.7%。本研究揭示了Cu-6Ag合金铸锭缺陷的形成机制，提出了优化的工艺参数窗口，为高质量高效制备Cu-6Ag合金铸锭提供了新的解决方案。

To address the prevalent issues of shrinkage cavities and porosity in Cu-6Ag alloy ingots during solidification, this study combines numerical simulation and experimental investigation to examine mold filling and solidification processes. A finite element-based numerical model was developed using ProCAST software to systematically analyze the effects of pouring temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and pouring time on defect formation. Key findings reveal that pouring temperature significantly influences secondary shrinkage cavity depth, with the minimum depth (4.89 cm) achieved at 1300 °C. When the heat transfer coefficient is below 5000 W/(m²·K), shrinkage cavity depth increases markedly with rising coefficient values. Extending pouring time to 150 s effectively suppresses both primary and secondary shrinkage formation. Experimental validation revealed an optimal ingot utilization rate of 76.7% at 1300 °C. This work reveals the defect formation mechanisms in Cu-6Ag alloy ingots and establishes an optimized process parameter window, offering a viable solution for high-quality and cost-effective production.