电网结构的鲁棒性对保障故障情况下的负荷供电至关重要。现有研究虽然揭示了电网结构与系统停电风险之间的宏观关联，但相关性较低且在不同规模系统表现不一致，难以指导鲁棒性的电网结构构建。考虑源荷节点异质特性对供电范围的影响，以及供电路径共享等因素对负荷停电概率的影响，提出基于社团理论的供电区域划分方法和等效供电路径长度指标，形成了电网鲁棒性评估方法。采用了3种规模的62个电力网络结构进行了验证，算例表明该方法得到的电力网络鲁棒性指标与停电风险在各系统都保持正相关，且相关性显著提高。依据该方法构建的南方电网规划拓扑比人工设计的系统拓扑平均停电风险降低15.57%，为构建高可靠性电网提供了有效的技术支撑。

The robustness of power grid structure is crucial for ensuring load power supply under fault conditions. While existing studies have revealed macro-level correlations between grid structure and blackout risks, these correlations show low consistency and vary across systems of different scales, making them inadequate for guiding robust grid construction. By considering the impact of node heterogeneity on power supply ranges and factors like power path sharing on load outage probability, this study proposes a community theory-based power supply zone partitioning method, and an equivalent power path length metric. These form a novel grid robustness assessment framework. Validated across 62 power networks of three scales, the results demonstrate that the proposed metrics exhibit significantly improved positive correlations with blackout risks across all systems. Notably, the optimized Southern Power Grid topology designed using this method reduces average outage risk by 15.57% compared to manual designs, providing effective technical support for high-reliability grid construction.