合理测算过网费是推动分布式发电就近交易有序开展的重要前提。现有过网费测算方式难以兼顾电网企业输配电资产投资的回收需求和引导分布式发电就近交易平抑净负荷曲线的运行需求。文章提出了基于权责匹配的动态过网费两阶段测算方法：首先，提出基于“权责匹配”思想的静态过网费基准测算方法，保障网架建设成本的公平、合理回收；然后，提出过网费分时动态调整方法，以价格信号激励就近交易市场主体主动平抑净负荷曲线峰谷差。在此基础上，建立了上层为过网费动态调整模型、下层为分布式发电就近交易模型的双层优化模型，求解得到动态过网费值。最后算例结果表明该动态过网费测算方法能有效保障电网企业合理回收输配电资产投资，同时显著降低净负荷曲线峰谷差率。

Reasonable calculation of network usage charge is an important prerequisite for promoting the development of distributed energy nearby trading. The existing methods for calculating network usage charge are challenging to balance the needs of grid companies to recover transmission and distribution asset investment and the operational needs to guide distributed energy nearby trading in smoothing the net load curve. The paper proposes a two-stage dynamic network usage charge measurement method based on right-and-responsibility-matching principle: first, a right-and-responsibility-matching static network usage charge measurement method is proposed to ensure the fair and reasonable recovery of network construction costs; then, a time-sharing dynamic adjustment method for network usage charge is proposed to motivate the users of distributed energy nearby trading to smooth the net load curve peak-to-valley difference through price signals. On this basis, a bilevel optimization model is established, with a dynamic adjustment model of network usage charge in the upper level and a distributed energy nearby trading model in the lower level, and the value of the dynamic network usage charge is measured by solving the model. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed method for calculating dynamic network usage charge can effectively ensure the reasonable recovery of transmission and distribution asset investments for grid companies while significantly reducing the peak-to-valley difference rate of the net load curve.