为使飞行器群按照期望队形飞行,提出“领导-跟随”架构下的编队控制方法.首先设计分布式扩张状态观测器,从而跟随者能估计虚拟领导者的位置与速度;然后根据观测器输出以及期望队形中的相对位置关系,计算跟随者的期望位置,给出基于动态面控制的位置跟踪控制律,跟随者可跟踪期望位置.借助Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了所设计方法的稳定性,并通过数值仿真验证了其有效性.分布式扩张状态观测器仅需获取虚拟领导者位置的观测值即可同时估计虚拟领导者的位置与速度;该编队控制方法可使队形在空间中的指向与虚拟领导者速度保持一致.

In order that the flight vehicle group could form the expected formation, the “leader-follower” formation control law is investigated. First, the distributed extended state observer (DESO) is designed such that the followers could estimate the virtual leader’s position and velocity. Then, the expected positions of the followers are calculated based on the observer outputs and the nominal formation configuration. A dynamic surface control-based position tracking control law is designed for the followers to track the expected positions. Based on the Lyapunov theory, the stability of the proposed method is proved, while numerical simulations validate the effectiveness. The DESO could estimate both the virtual leader’s position and velocity via only the position observations. The method proposed guarantees that the orientation of the formation is consistent with the direction of the virtual leader’s velocity.