为评估整体打捞作业安全性,以“长江口二号”打捞系统为研究对象,基于三维势流理论及Skempton公式建立了沉船整体打捞过程耦合动力响应特性数值模型.该模型经实测验证,被用于沉船打捞全过程安全性分析.研究结果表明:整体打捞过程需特别关注离底和部分出水两个阶段打捞系统的运动响应以及提升缆、系泊缆张力的变化.随着波高和谱峰周期的增加,打捞系统运动响应和缆绳张力极值增大.浪向对打捞系统六自由度运动的影响较为复杂,斜浪作用下提升缆的张力极值明显增加.根据缆绳安全系数的计算,制定打捞方案时,要选择适当的提升速度,避免在20°~70° 的浪向下进行打捞作业.

In order to evaluate the safety of salvage operation, a numerical model of the coupling dynamic response characteristics of the “Yangtze River Estuary II” salvage system is established based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory and the Skempton formula. The model has been verified by actual measurement and is used in the safety analysis of the whole salvage process. The research results show that special attention needs to be paid to the motion response of the salvage system and the tension changes of the lifting and mooring lines in the two stages of bottom-off and partial water-out in the overall salvage process. With the increase of wave height and spectral peak period, the motion response of the salvage system and the extreme value of cable tension increase. The influence of wave direction on the six-degree-of-freedom movement of the system is more complicated, and the extreme value of the tension of the lifting cable increases significantly under the action of oblique waves. According to the calculation of the safety factor of the cable, when formulating a salvage plan, an appropriate lifting speed should be selected, and at the same time, salvage operations should be avoided in waves of 20°—70°.