氢能是实现“双碳”目标的重要能源载体,碳捕集技术是能源行业减排的重要技术手段.将氢气、天然气掺混形成混氢天然气,可以实现氢能的有效输运与利用,同时应用碳捕集技术对火电机组进行改造,有助于推动可再生能源的大规模消纳并降低碳排放水平.在此背景下,建立制氢设备和燃料电池的精细模型,针对系统碳排放问题,建立碳捕集火电机组的碳排放、出力模型以及掺氢热电联产的数学模型,并引入阶梯式碳交易机制控制碳排放.基于此,以购能成本、碳排放成本、弃风成本和碳封存成本之和最低为目标,计及管网掺氢比、碳捕集等约束,建立混氢天然气综合能源系统优化调度模型,采用粒子群算法结合CPLEX求解.通过不同场景对所构建的模型进行分析,验证调度模型在推进低碳经济发展方面的优势.

Hydrogen energy plays a crucial role in meeting the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals, and the carbon capture technology is a vital technique for emission reduction in the energy industry. Blending hydrogen with natural gas to produce hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) facilitates the transportation and utilization of hydrogen energy. At the same time, applying the carbon capture technology to retrofit thermal power units can effectively promote the large-scale consumption of renewable energy and reduce carbon emissions. For this purpose, a detailed model of hydrogen production equipment and fuel cells is established. Then, aimed at the problem of system carbon emissions, a carbon emission and output model of carbon capture thermal power units and a mathematical model of hydrogen doped cogeneration are established, and a stepped carbon trading mechanism is introduced to control carbon emissions. Based on this, an optimal scheduling model for hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas integrated energy system is established with the goal of minimizing the sum of energy purchase cost, carbon emission cost, wind abandonment cost, and carbon sequestration cost, and taking into account the constraints such as hydrogen blending ratio and carbon capture in the pipeline network, which is solved by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm in conjunction with CPLEX. The analysis of the models built in different scenarios verifies the advantages of the proposed scheduling model in low-carbon economy.