为评估盾构隧道施工对邻近建筑物的影响,提出一种基于模糊层次分析法(FAHP)和区间数改进优劣解距离(TOPSIS)法相结合的风险评估方法.通过调研建立基于土体性质、建筑物因素、隧道因素、盾构掘进参数等影响因素为主的风险评估体系,基于专家打分利用FAHP判断因素权重.利用传统TOPSIS法,根据因素分级标准选取6个典型样本,确定非等分风险等级判断标准.首次将区间数改进TOPSIS法运用到盾构隧道下穿建筑物的风险评估中,采用区间数描述工程情况.该评估过程均采用量化方式,比传统风险评估方法的准确性更高,受主观因素影响较少,客观性更强.利用该方法对某砌体建筑物进行风险评估,结果与实际情况相符,证明了该方法的有效性,可为类似工程风险评估提供参考.

In order to evaluate the impact of shield tunnel construction on adjacent buildings, a method based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and the interval number improvement technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed. A risk assessment system based on soil properties, building factors, tunnel factors, shield tunneling parameters, and other factors is established after investigation. The FAHP is used to determine the weight of factors based on expert scoring. Based on the traditional TOPSIS method, 6 typical samples are selected according to the factor grading standard to determine the non-uniform risk rating criteria. For the first time, the interval improved TOPSIS method is applied to the risk assessment of shield tunneling beneath buildings. The engineering situation can be better represented by the interval number. Compared with traditional risk assessment methods, this method is more accurate, less affected by subjective factors, and more objective. The proposed method has been used to evaluate the risk of a certain masonry building, and the result is consistent with the actual situation, which proves its effectiveness of. Thus, the proposed method can provide reference for risk assessment of similar projects.