为探究大漂角斜入流下螺旋桨与导管桨的尾流特性,基于延迟分离涡模型,对进速系数(J=0.4)及大漂角(β=45°, 60°)斜入流下螺旋桨与导管桨进行了数值模拟.研究发现:螺旋桨尾涡系整体偏斜程度比导管桨更高,导管桨后尾涡整体分布区域产生明显折角现象.斜流下尾流场表现出更高的复杂性,迎流侧与背流侧涡系间演化进程出现差异,螺旋桨该特性表现更加明显,而导管桨背流侧导管前缘会因流动分离产生局部脱落涡并向下游传输.导管桨的部分动能转化为导管推力而使尾涡整体湍流动能略低于螺旋桨,这一现象随着漂角的增大而更加明显.相较于螺旋桨,导管桨在大漂角斜流下能够保持更好的操纵稳定性.从尾流场特性的角度分析大漂角斜入流对螺旋桨与导管桨的影响,以探究导管桨在斜流下能够保持更好的操纵稳定性的理论依据.

In order to explore the wake characteristics of non-ducted and ducted propellers in oblique inflow with a large drift angle, based on the delayed detached eddy simulation, a numerical simulation of non-ducted and ducted propellers in oblique inflow is conducted with an advance coefficient (J=0.4) and a large drift angle (β=45°, 60°). It is found that the deflection degree of the non-ducted propeller wake is higher than that of the ducted propeller. However, the overall distribution area of the wake vortex behind the ducted propeller is kinked. The wake field in the oblique flow shows its complexity, and the evolution process of vortices on the windward side differs from that on the leeward side. The above characteristic of the non-ducted propeller is more prominent. At the same time, the leading edge of the nozzle on the leeward side will produce local shedding vortices and transmit to the downstream due to flow separation. Part of the kinetic energy of the ducted propeller is converted into the nozzle thrust, which makes the turbulence kinetic energy of the wake lower than that of the non-ducted propeller. This phenomenon is more evident with the increase in the drift angle. Compared with the non-ducted propeller, the ducted propeller can maintain a better handling stability in large-angle oblique flow. This paper analyzes the influence of large-angle oblique inflow on the non-ducted and ducted propellers from the perspective of wake field characteristics and explores the theoretical basis for the ducted propeller to maintain a better handling stability in oblique flow.