采用数值方法建立基于小硬变硬化(HSS)本构模型的相邻基坑模型,将其与单个基坑模型和不考虑墙土摩擦的相邻基坑模型进行对比分析,得到了同步实施的相邻基坑的受力变形特性,揭示相邻基坑相互作用机理.结果表明:坑间土体中存在两种土拱效应,一种是由墙体不均匀变形引起的土拱效应,另一种是由墙土摩擦引起的土拱效应,两者共同影响作用在围护墙上的土压力.随着基坑间距的减小,前者减弱,导致开挖面附近土体向被支撑土体的土压力转移减弱;后者增强,导致作用在相邻围护墙上的土压力减小.在两者的作用下,随着基坑间距的减小,作用在相邻墙体上的土压力先由R型分布向线性分布发展,再向R型分布发展,非相邻墙体水平位移最大值增大,相邻墙体水平位移最大值先增大后减小.

An adjacent excavation model based on the hardening soil-small strain (HSS) constitutive model was established by using the numerical method, which was compared with the single excavation model and the adjacent excavation model without considering the wall-soil friction. The stress deformation characteristics of adjacent excavation implemented simultaneously were obtained, and the interaction mechanism of adjacent excavations were revealed. The results show that two kinds of arching effects exist in the confined soil. One is the arching effect caused by uneven deformation of walls, and the other is the arching effect caused by the wall-soil friction, both of which affect the lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining walls. With the decrease of the excavation spacing, the former is weakened, resulting in the weakening of the transfer of lateral earth pressure between the soil near the excavation face to bracing soil, while the latter is enhanced, leading to the decrease of magnitude of the lateral earth pressure acting on adjacent retaining walls. Under the action of the arching effects, the curve of lateral earth pressure develops from an R-shaped distribution to a linear distribution and then returns to an R-shaped distribution with the decrease of the spacing. The maximum horizontal displacement of non-adjacent walls increases, and the maximum horizontal displacement of adjacent walls increases primarily and then decreases.