本文介绍了气候变暖背景下天气尺度现象的变化，阐述了气候变暖导致极端天气现象变得更为显著且频发，进一步指出这些极端天气现象如高温热浪和极端寒冷、干旱与洪涝等的发生呈不对称性，并存在区域分布差异特征.因此，相关机制研究有助于帮助人类适应环境变化，提高预测和防灾减灾的能力.

This paper introduces the large-scale shifts in weather patterns influenced by global warming. Then, it elaborates on the fact that the extreme weather events caused by global warming will become more intense and frequent. It points out that the characters of these extreme events such as heat waves and extreme cold events, floods and droughts are asymmetric, and show regional patterns. Therefore, the relevant mechanism research can help humans adapt to environmental changes and improve their ability to predict, prevent, and reduce disasters.