本文简述了高压对生物演化的驱动作用，提出了科学问题：高压能否促进从厌氧生物到好氧生物的快速、独特演化？解答该问题，有助于对地球生命演化历程的理解，为深海生物资源开发和域外生命探索提供新思路.
This paper briefly describes the driving effect of high pressure on biological evolution, and raises a question, i.e., does high pressure promote a rapid and unique life evolution from anaerobic to aerobic? A better understanding about the evolution of life on Earth, and the novel thoughts of deep-sea resource mining and extraterritorial life exploration would be achieved by answering this question.
［1］ZHANG Y, LI X G, BARTLETT D H, et al. Current developments in marine microbiology: High-pressure biotechnology and the genetic engineering of piezophiles［J］. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2015, 33: 157-164.
［2］FANG J S, ZHANG L, BAZYLINSKI D A. Deep-sea piezosphere and piezophiles: Geomicrobiology and biogeochemistry［J］. Trends in Microbiology, 2010, 18(9): 413-422.
［3］XIAO X, ZHANG Y, WANG F P. Hydrostatic pressure is the universal key driver of microbial evolution in the deep ocean and beyond［J］. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 2021, 13(1): 68-72.
