以常用金属材料铝3003合金为例，基于实际雷电流的4种典型组成作用下的模拟雷电流金属损伤试验结果，分析了铝3003合金的损伤面积和损伤深度等损伤表征参数与雷电流参数的关系．以建筑物为算例，依据落雷密度、雷电截收面积、雷电流幅值与转移电荷量的联合概率分布等参数分析，计算了金属材料遭受雷电直击的年平均次数及其雷电流参数分布特征，建立了以铝3003合金和建筑物载体为算例的金属材料遭受雷电直击时考虑雷电流参数概率分布的损伤估算方法．结果表明：短时间首次回击电流分量和短持续时间后续回击电流分量作用下铝3003合金材料的损伤深度均小于0.1 mm，可忽略．铝3003合金材料的损伤面积与所遭受的雷电流幅值成正比，合金的损伤深度与雷电流的转移电荷量成正比．

Taking the commonly used metal material aluminum 3003 as an example, and based on the simulated lightning current metal damage test results in the four typical compositions of actual lightning current, the damage characterization parameters such as damage area and damage depth of aluminum 3003 alloy and lightning current parameters were analyzed. Taking the building as an example, and based on the parameter analysis of the combined probability distribution of lightning strike density, lightning interception area, lightning current amplitude and transferred charge amount, the annual average number of lightning strikes and the distribution characteristics of lightning current parameters of metal materials were calculated. A damage estimation method considering the probability distribution of lightning current parameters when a metal material with aluminum 3003 alloy and building carrier as an example was subjected to lightning strikes was established. The results show that the damage depth of the aluminum 3003 alloy material under the action of short-term first return current component and short-duration subsequent return current component is less than 0.1 mm, which can be ignored. The damage area of the aluminum 3003 alloy material is proportional to the magnitude of the lightning current suffered, and the damage depth of the alloy is proportional to the amount of charge transferred by the lightning current.