高铁轮轴与轮毂的连接形式为过盈配合，列车运行过程中由于交变载荷的存在，在轮轴应力集中区域易发生微动疲劳损伤.导波具有传播距离长、衰减率低、对微小损伤敏感的特点，非常适用于微动疲劳损伤检测.目前的检测方法大都需要将轮轴拆卸下来，对过盈配合轮毂轮轴上的导波传播特性研究极少.为此，首先通过改变轮轴与轮子装配的过盈量，研究装配质量对导波传播的影响，然后探究能量差法是否可以在装配有轮毂的轮轴上检测损伤.结果表明，导波传播受过盈量的影响较大，过盈量增加则导波幅值减小.由于能量差法是基于结构的轴对称性来检测损伤的，该方法在装配有轮子的轮轴上仍可适用.
The connection between high-speed train axle and wheel hub is interference fit joint. Because of alternating load during the process of train running, fretting fatigues usually emerge in stress concentration region of axle. Guided waves can propagate at a long distance with low attenuation. It is very suitable to detect fretting fatigues owing to its sensibility to tiny damage. However, most methods need to tear the axle down, and few researchers have yielded useful information on guided waves propagation in high-speed train wheelset with interference fit. Firstly, the influence of assembly quality on guided waves propagation was studied by changing interference fit tolerance. Secondly, whether the energy difference method can be applied to damage detection in wheelset was discussed. The results indicate that interference fit tolerance has a significant influence on guided waves propagation. The guided waves amplitude reduces when the interference fit tolerance increases. The energy difference method is used to detect damage based on the axial symmetry of structure, so it still can be applied to damage detection of the axle assembled with wheels.
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