针对船用离心泵的特性参数辨识与汽蚀现象分析，提出了一种采用残差修正的差异演化辨识方法.该方法采用差异演化算法辨识其压头-流量特性曲线，然后利用原始数据和辨识结果的残差进行二次建模修正，从而有效提高了辨识精度.以某型船用离心式凝水泵为例对上述方法进行验证，利用辨识得到的特性曲线和已有的凝水系统管路模型进行仿真实验，得到了凝水泵转速、压头、流量、凝水温度、吸入压力与排出压力等参数之间的关系，计算得到了该凝水泵的汽蚀预警转速，并在此基础上分析得到了整个凝水系统的稳定运行边界.
For the characteristic parameters identification and cavitation research of centrifugal pump, an improved differential evolutionary identification method with residual correction was proposed in this paper. This method adopted differential evolution algorithm to identify the lift-flow characteristic curves, and then the residuals of original data and identified results were used to correct the errors, thus effectively improved the identification precision. A type of marine centrifugal condensate pump was taken as an instance to verify the above method. Simulation experiments were carried out by adopting the identified lift-flow characteristic curves and the existing condensate piping model. Relations between the rotation speed, lift, flow, condensing water temperature, inlet and outlet pressure of the condensate pump were obtained, and the cavitation rotation speed of this type marine condensate pump was calculated. Based on these, the stable operation boundary of the whole condensate system is also analyzed and obtained.
［1］吴德明. 离心泵应用技术［M］. 北京: 中国石油化工出版社, 2013.
WU Deming. Application technology of centrifugal pump［M］. Beijing: China Petrochemical Press, 2013.
［2］牟介刚, 李必祥. 离心泵设计实用技术［M］.北京: 机型工业出版社, 2015.
MOU Jiegang, LI Bixiang. Practical technology of centrifugal pump design［M］. Beijing: Machinery-industry Press, 2015.
［3］牟介刚. 离心泵现代设计方法研究和工程实现［D］. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2006.
MOU Jiegang. Research on the modern design me-thod of centrifugal pump and project realization［D］. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2006.
［4］赵伟国, 盛建萍, 杨军虎, 等. 基于CFD的离心泵优化设计与试验［J］. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(21): 125-131.
ZHAO Weiguo, SHENG Jianping, YANG Junhu, et al. Optimization design and experiment of centrifugal pump based on CFD［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(21): 125-131.
［5］STEN M, MARTIN G. Experimental and numerical investigation of centrifugal pumps with asymmetric inflow conditions［J］. Journal of Thermal Science, 2015, 24(6): 516-525.
［6］LI X J, YU B X, JI Y C, et al. Statistical characteristics of suction pressure signals for a centrifugal pump under cavitating conditions［J］. Journal of Thermal Science, 2017, 26(1): 47-53.
［7］LI Y, DONG W L, HE Z H, et al. Flow instability of a centrifugal pump determined using the energy gradient method［J］. Journal of Thermal Science, 2015, 24(1): 44-48.
［8］刘在伦, 李朴蓉. 基于Matlab的泵可用汽蚀余量曲线拟合方法探讨［J］. 流体机械, 2012, 40(7): 48-51.
LIU Zailun, LI Purong. Research about fitting approach of pump available NPSH curve based on Mat-lab［J］. Fluid Machinery, 2012, 40(7): 48-51.
［9］SHAHRAM D, MARYAM P, EHSAN A, et al. Numerical shape optimization of a centrifugal pump impeller using artificial bee colony algorithm［J］. Fluid Machinery, 2013, 81(6): 145-151.
［10］ZHAO B, WANG Y, CHEN H, et al. Hydraulic optimization of a double-channel pump’s impeller based on multi-objective genetic algorithm［J］. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 28(3): 634-640.
［11］STOMN R, PRICE K. Differetial evolution: A simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces［J］. Journal of Global Optimization, 1997, 11(4): 341-359.
［12］武志峰. 差异演化算法及其应用研究［D］. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2009.
WU Zhifeng. Research on differential evolution algorithm and its applications［D］. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2009.
［13］倪何, 肖航, 曾凡明, 等. 基于残差修正的涡轮增压机组差异演化建模与降负荷特性分析［J］. 上海交通大学学报, 2015, 49(5): 620-625.
NI He, XIAO Hang, ZENG Fanming, et al. Differential evolutionary modeling with residual correction and down-load characteristic analysis for marine turbocharged unit［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2015, 49(5): 620-625.
［14］黄文元, 金家善, 倪何. 基于差异演化算法和残差修正的涡轮增压机组防喘振控制研究［J］. 中国舰船研究, 2016, 11(5): 100-106.
HUANG Wenyuan, JIN Jiashan, NI He. A study on the surge proof control for marine turbocharged unit based on differential evolutionary modeling with residual correction［J］. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2016, 11(5): 100-106.
［15］倪何, 程刚, 孙丰瑞. 船用冷凝系统的键合图建模与仿真研究［J］. 上海交通大学学报, 2010, 44(4): 571-577.
NI He, CHENG Gang, SUN Fengrui. Bond graph-based modeling and simulation of marine condensation system［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2010, 44(4): 571-577.
［16］倪何, 程刚, 孙丰瑞. 基于演化参数辨识的流体网络建模［J］. 上海交通大学学报, 2011, 45(2): 208-213.
NI He, CHENG Gang, SUN Fengrui. Modeling of fluid network using EA-based parameter identification［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2011, 45(2): 208-213.
