基于土拱效应和黄土改进应变楔模型的抗滑桩水平承载力计算

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.650

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

滑坡防治是当前地质灾害研究的热点之一,桩前被动土拱效应是影响抗滑桩水平承载力的重要因素.目前,考虑桩前被动土拱效应对抗滑桩桩身受力影响的研究尚不多见.在当前应变楔模型研究的基础上,对抗滑桩嵌固段的桩前被动土拱效应及土拱受力特点进行了分析,建立了考虑桩前被动土拱效应的排桩改进应变楔模型,并验证了其有效性.引入桩前被动土拱并分析了被动土拱的受力特点,提出以被动土拱的破坏作为桩前土体破坏的判定条件;将群桩应变楔模型的前置计算宽度修正为1倍桩间距,可使排桩的被动土拱受力分析更加合理;考虑桩前土静止侧向压力对桩前土体和桩-土相互作用的影响,能使桩前被动土拱的土体应力状态求解更加合理,并使桩身内力与变形计算结果更为准确.所提出的排桩改进应变楔模型能够更准确地反映邻桩相互作用时桩前土抗力的变化规律,研制的排桩内力和变形优化迭代计算程序可成为实际工程计算的新选择.

关键词: 抗滑桩, 被动土拱, 改进应变楔, 水平承载力, 黄土

Abstract:

Landslide prevention and control is one of the prominent topics in the field of geological hazards. The passive soil arching effect, adjacent to the piles, is a key factor influencing the horizontal load-bearing capacity of anti-slide piles. However, research on the influence of this passive soil arching effect on the internal force and deformation of anti-slide piles shaft is still relatively limited. To address this, based on the existing strain wedge methodology, this paper analyzes the passive soil arching effect and its mechanical characteristics along the embedded segment of anti-slide piles. An improved strain wedge calculation model for the row piles is proposed, effectively incorporating the passive soil arching effect in front of the anti-slide piles. Verification results demonstrate the accuracy of this proposed model. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. By introducing the concept and the stress characteristics of passive soil arching ahead of the anti-slide piles, new criterion for the soil failure in front of anti-slide piles is proposed as the failure of the passive soil arching. Additionally, the calculation width of the strain front edge of the wedge for pile groups to one time of the pile spacing, allows for more reasonable analysis of the passive soil arching stress in row piles. Considering the influence of static lateral soil pressure on the soil mass and pile-soil interaction in front of the anti-slide piles, the stress state characterization within the passive soil arch formation achieves enhanced analytical rigor. This systematic methodology consequently enables more precise determination of both internal force distribution patterns and deformation responses. The improved strain wedge model for row piles proposed in this paper can accurately reflect the variations law of soil resistance in front of anti-slide piles during the interaction between adjacent piles, and the developed iterative computation program for optimizing internal forces and deformations of row pile shafts offers a novel solution for engineering applications.

Key words: anti-slide piles, passive soil arching, improved strain wedge, horizontal load-bearing capacity, loess

中图分类号:

TU473

罗丽娟, 任翔, 李晟, 唐涌, 贺鹏远. 基于土拱效应和黄土改进应变楔模型的抗滑桩水平承载力计算[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(1): 163-174.

LUO Lijuan, REN Xiang, LI Sheng, TANG Yong, HE Pengyuan. Calculation of Horizontal Bearing Capacity of Anti-Slide Piles Based on Soil Arching Effect and Improved Strain Wedge Model in Loess Sites[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2026, 60(1): 163-174.

图/表 17

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

参考文献 28

[1]	吴子树, 张利民, 胡定. 土拱的形成机理及存在条件的探讨[J]. 成都科技大学学报, 1995(2): 15-19.
	WU Zishu, ZHANG Limin, HU Ding. Studies on the mechanism of arching action in loess[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Science and Technology, 1995(2): 15-19.
[2]	陈鑫, 向先超, 刘凯, 等. 小桩距下的抗滑桩后滑坡推力分布规律分析[J]. 地质科技情报, 2019, 38(6): 157-164.
	CHEN Xin, XIANG Xianchao, LIU Kai, et al. Thrust distribution law of anti-slide pile under small pile spacing[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2019, 38(6): 157-164.
[3]	田洪义, 王朦, 贺建清, 等. 基于土拱效应确定桩板墙挡土板土压力[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2023, 32(1): 105-113.
	TIAN Hongyi, WANG Meng, HE Jianqing, et al. Determination of earth pressure on retraining plate of sheet-pile retaining wall based on soil arching effects[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2023, 32(1): 105-113.
[4]	赵明华, 廖彬彬, 刘思思. 基于拱效应的边坡抗滑桩桩间距计算[J]. 岩土力学, 2010, 31(4): 1211-1216.
	ZHAO Minghua, LIAO Binbin, LIU Sisi. Calculation of anti-slide piles spacing based on soil arching effect[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2010, 31(4): 1211-1216.
[5]	李邵军, 陈静, 练操. 边坡桩-土相互作用的土拱力学模型与桩间距问题[J]. 岩土力学, 2010, 31(5): 1352-1358.
	LI Shaojun, CHEN Jing, LIAN Cao. Mechanical model of soil arch for interaction of piles and slope and problem of pile spacing[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2010, 31(5): 1352-1358.
[6]	张玲, 陈金海, 赵明华. 考虑土拱效应的悬臂式抗滑桩最大桩间距确定[J]. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(11): 4497-4505.
	ZHANG Ling, CHEN Jinhai, ZHAO Minghua. Determination of maximum spacing of cantilever anti-slide piles with consideration of soil arching effect[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(11): 4497-4505.
[7]	任翔, 罗丽娟, 李芳涛, 等. 黄土地区抗滑桩嵌固段桩前被动土拱形成演化过程试验[J]. 中国公路学报, 2022, 35(11): 86-96. doi: 10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2022.11.009
	REN Xiang, LUO Lijuan, LI Fangtao, et al. Experimental study on the evolution of passive soil arch in front of antislide piles in loess area[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2022, 35(11): 86-96. doi: 10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2022.11.009
[8]	毛坚强, 徐骏, 杨磊. 滑体段采用m法模型的抗滑桩计算方法[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(4): 1197-1202.
	MAO Jianqiang, XU Jun, YANG Lei. An improved method for stabilising pile by using m-method model to the whole pile[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39(4): 1197-1202.
[9]	POULOS H G, CHEN L T. Pile response due to excavation-induced lateral soil movement[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1997, 123(2): 94-99. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1997)123:2(94) URL
[10]	CHEN L T, POULOS H G, LOGANATHAN N. Pile responses caused by tunneling[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1999, 125(3): 207-215. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1999)125:3(207) URL
[11]	LOGANATHAN N, POULOS H G. Analytical prediction for tunneling-induced ground movements in clays[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 1998, 124(9): 846-856. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1998)124:9(846) URL
[12]	梁发云, 于峰, 李镜培, 等. 土体水平位移对邻近既有桩基承载性状影响分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2010, 31(2): 449-454.
	LIANG Fayun, YU Feng, LI Jingpei, et al. Analysis of the bearing capacity of a single pile under adjacent building subjected to lateral soil movements[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2010, 31(2): 449-454.
[13]	黄茂松, 张陈蓉, 李早. 开挖条件下非均质地基中被动群桩水平反应分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2008, 30(7): 1017-1023.
	HUANG Maosong, ZHANG Chenrong, LI Zao. Lateral response of passive pile groups due to excavation induced soil movement in stratified soils[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2008, 30(7): 1017-1023.
[14]	郑俊杰, 章荣军, 潘玉涛, 等. 考虑开挖卸荷及变形耦合效应的被动桩分析方法[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2012, 34(4): 606-614.
	ZHENG Junjie, ZHANG Rongjun, PAN Yutao, et al. Analytic method for passive piles considering excavation-induced unloading effects and deformation coupling effect[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2012, 34(4): 606-614.
[15]	竺明星, 龚维明, 何小元, 等. 堆载作用下考虑土拱效应的被动桩变形内力半解析解[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2013, 35(11): 1997-2008.
	ZHU Mingxing, GONG Weiming, HE Xiaoyuan, et al. Semi-analytical solution to deformation and internal force of passive piles under surcharge loads considering soil arching effect[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(11): 1997-2008.
[16]	李忠诚, 梁志荣. 侧移土体成拱效应及被动桩计算模式分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2011, 33 (Sup.1): 106-111.
	LI Zhongcheng, LIANG Zhirong. Soil arching effect and calculation model for soil pressures of passive piles[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 33 (Sup.1): 106-111.
[17]	ASHOUR M, PILLING P, NORRIS G. Lateral behavior of pile groups in layered soils[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-environmental Engineering, 2004, 130(6): 580-592.
[18]	XU L Y, CAI F, WANG G X, et al. Nonlinear analysis of single laterally loaded piles in clays using modified strain wedge model[J]. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017, 15(6): 895-906. doi: 10.1007/s40999-016-0072-8 URL
[19]	杨晓峰, 张陈蓉, 黄茂松, 等. 砂土中桩土侧向相互作用的应变楔模型修正[J]. 岩土力学, 2016, 37(10): 2877-2884.
	YANG Xiaofeng, ZHANG Chenrong, HUANG Maosong, et al. Modification of strain wedge method for lateral soil-pile interaction in sand[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2016, 37(10): 2877-2884.
[20]	杨明辉, 冯超博, 赵明华, 等. 考虑坡度效应的水平受荷桩应变楔计算方法[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(4): 1271-1280.
	YANG Minghui, FENG Chaobo, ZHAO Minghua, et al. A method for calculating laterally loaded pile using strain wedge model considering slope effect[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39(4): 1271-1280.
[21]	PENG W Z, ZHAO M H, XIAO Y, et al. Analysis of laterally loaded piles in sloping ground using a modified strain wedge model[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2019, 107: 163-175. doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2018.12.007 URL
[22]	CHEN L, PANG L, JIANG C, et al. Analysis method for bearing capacity of laterally loaded rigid piles on slopes using improved failure wedge model[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2022, 145: 104700. doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.104700 URL
[23]	LIU P, JIANG C, ZENG F. Analysis of laterally loaded piles in sand considering the relationship between the strain wedge model and failure wedge model[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2023, 154: 105149. doi: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2022.105149 URL
[24]	任翔. 抗滑桩嵌固段桩前被动土拱效应及其对桩身受力的影响[D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2022.
	REN Xiang. Passive soil-arch effect in front of embedded section of anti-slide piles and its influence on the force of the piles[D]. Xi’an: Chang’an University, 2022.
[25]	方瑾瑾, 冯以鑫, 赵伟龙, 等. 真三轴条件下原状黄土的非线性本构模型[J]. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(2): 517-528.
	FANG Jinjin, FENG Yixin, ZHAO Weilong, et al. Nonlinear constitutive model for intact loess in true tri-axial tests[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(2): 517-528.
[26]	李广信. 高等土力学[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2016.
	LI Guangxin. Advanced soil mechanics[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2016.
[27]	金鑫, 王铁行, 郝延周, 等. 桩间黄土卸荷湿陷过程中卸荷量计算方法初探[J]. 岩土力学, 2022, 43(9): 2399-2409.
	JIN Xin, WANG Tiehang, HAO Yanzhou, et al. Preliminary study of unloading calculation method in the unloading collapse process of loess between piles[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43(9): 2399-2409.
[28]	杨雪强, 吉小明, 张新涛. 抗滑桩桩间土拱效应及其土拱模式分析[J]. 中国公路学报, 2014, 27(1): 30-37.
	YANG Xueqiang, JI Xiaoming, ZHANG Xintao. Analysis of soil arching effect between anti-slide piles and different arch body modes[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2014, 27(1): 30-37.

方程	说明
y₁-2y₀+y_-1=0	桩底弯矩M=0
y₂-2y₁+2y_-1-y_-2=0	桩底剪力Q=0
y₂-4y₁+6y₀-4y_-1+y_-2=ζp₀	桩底土抗力p₀乘以系数ζ
y₃-4y₂+6y₁-4y₀+y_-1=ζp₁	点1处土抗力p₁乘以系数ζ
y_i₊₂-4y_i+1+6y_i-4y_i_-1+y_i_-2=ζp_i	嵌固段点i土抗力p_i乘以系数ζ
y_n₁+5-4y_n₁+4+6y_n₁+3-4y_n₁+2+y_n₁+1=ζp_n₁+3	地面点n₁+3土抗力p_n₁+3乘以系数ζ
y_n₁+5-2y_n₁+4+2y_n₁+2-y_n₁+1=ψQ_n₁+3	地面点n₁+3剪力Q_n₁+3乘以系数ψ
y_i₊₂-2y_i₊₁+2y_i_-1-y_i_-2=ψQ_i	悬臂段点i剪力Q_i乘以系数ψ
y_n₊₂-2y_n₊₁+2y_n_-1-y_n_-2=ψQ_n	桩顶剪力Q_n乘以系数ψ
y_n₊₁-2y_n+y_n_-1=0	桩顶弯矩M=0