数字化模型下的气体绝缘封闭开关设备特高频信号反演实际放电量方法

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.374

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对气体绝缘封闭开关设备(GIS)局部放电(PD)的检测是进行状态评估和故障诊断行之有效的方法.放电量估计是PD检测中的重要内容,脉冲电流法是通用的测量方法,但无法在线应用.针对这一问题,基于特高频(UHF)信号对时间的二次积分值估计最大实际放电量,提出了数字化模型下GIS的UHF信号反演实际放电量的方法.首先,建立GIS数字化模型及局部放电源、UHF传感器模型;然后,采用更适用于大尺寸运算的时域有限差分(FDTD)法模拟放电脉冲激发电磁波传播的过程,利用仿真数据验证通过UHF信号对时间积分的值来估计实际放电量方法的合理性,并给出了电磁波在GIS内传播中电磁场的分布图;最后,通过与高压试验结果的对比分析给出了影响实际放电量估计准确性的因素.研究结论为基于数字化模型的GIS内部实际放电量反演分析提供解决思路,且相较于有限元法在求解时间上更具优势.

关键词: 气体绝缘封闭开关设备, 局部放电, 特高频, 局部放电定量

Abstract:

The detection of partial discharge (PD) in gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is an effective method for state assessment and fault diagnosis. The estimation of discharge amount is important in PD detection. The common measurement method is the pulse current method, but it can not be applied online. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method for estimating the maximum actual discharge based on the quadratic integral value of ultra high frequency (UHF) signal. A method for retrieving the actual discharge of GIS using the UHF signal in a digital model is proposed. First, a GIS digital model, local discharge power source, and UHF sensor model are established. Then, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, which is more suitable for large-scale operation, is used to simulate the process of electromagnetic wave propagation stimulated by discharge pulse, and the simulation data is used to verify the rationality of the method in estimating the actual discharge by using the time integral of the UHF signal. The distribution of the electromagnetic field in GIS is also given. Finally, the factors influencing the accuracy of actual discharge estimate are discussed by comparing with the high voltage test results. The findings provide a solution for the inverse analysis of the actual internal discharge in GIS based on the digital model. Compared to the finite element method, this approach offers more advantages in solving time.

Key words: gas insulated switchgear (GIS), partial discharge (PD), ultra high frequency (UHF), partial discharge quantification

中图分类号:

TM595

陶然, 沈培锋, 陈挺, 罗林根, 盛戈皞, 江秀臣. 数字化模型下的气体绝缘封闭开关设备特高频信号反演实际放电量方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(6): 800-811.

TAO Ran, SHEN Peifeng, CHEN Ting, LUO Lingen, SHENG Gehao, JIANG Xiuchen. Estimation Method of Actual Discharge Quantity Inferred from Ultra-High Frequency Signals in Digital Modeling of GIS[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(6): 800-811.

图/表 23

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图8

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图11

表1

表2

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图13

图14

表3

图15

图16

表4

表5

不同条件下视在放电量与信号二次积分值

激励波形	Q/C	Q²/C²	U_L	$Q U L$ ×10^-10/C	$Q 2 U L$ /C²
高斯脉冲	5.77×10^-12	3.33×10^-23	2.17×10^-22	2.67	1.54×10^-1
	1.15×10^-11	1.33×10^-22	4.33×10^-22	2.61	3.08×10^-1
	2.66×10^-11	7.09×10^-22	1.01×10^-21	2.63	7.01×10^-1
高斯包络	7.73×10^-14	5.98×10^-27	2.83×10^-24	2.74	2.12×10^-3
	7.70×10^-12	5.93×10^-23	2.83×10^-22	2.73	2.10×10^-1
	9.74×10^-12	9.48×10^-23	3.80×10^-22	2.56	2.49×10^-1
	9.78×10^-12	9.57×10^-23	3.80×10^-22	2.57	2.52×10^-1
	1.18×10^-11	1.40×10^-22	4.65×10^-22	2.54	3.01×10^-1

表5

图17

图18

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相对角度/(°)	峰值/mV
相对角度/(°)	x=930 mm	x=1 450 mm	x=2 050 mm
0	0.059 0	0.035 8	0.033 9
90	0.034 4	0.029 9	0.021 9
180	0.053 3	0.032 0	0.034 9

相对角度/(°)	累积能量值/μJ
相对角度/(°)	x=930 mm	x=1 450 mm	x=2 050 mm
0	2.130	0.910	0.692
90	0.727	0.667	0.597
180	2.620	0.983	0.832

激励源x轴坐标/mm	探针x轴坐标/mm	Ω	Q₀
0	930	0.086 1	0.074 9
	1 450	0.187 0	0.256 0
	2 050	0.374 0	0.077 1
100	930	0.076 6	0.002 6
	1 450	0.201 0	0.016 9
	2 050	0.293 0	0.086 4
400	930	0.067 2	0.000 4
	1 450	0.172 0	136.000 0
	2 050	0.244 0	613.000 0

激励源x轴坐标/mm	探针x轴坐标/mm	Ω	Q₀
0	930	0.086 5	0.119 0
	1 450	0.185 0	0.256 0
	2 050	0.364 0	0.322 0
100	930	0.076 7	0.007 7
	1 450	0.193 0	0.209 0
	2 050	0.305 0	0.521 0
400	930	0.067 3	3.510 0
	1 450	0.169 0	1.310 0
	2 050	0.244 0	33.900 0