集成EBD和TRIZ的机电系统概念设计方法

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2020.361

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种机电产品概念设计的创新方法,建立“需求-环境-冲突-原理解-解决方案”的设计逻辑.利用面向环境的设计方法识别设计需求与环境约束之间存在的矛盾,对需求与环境进行迭代分析,解耦复杂抽象的专业问题.根据发明问题解决理论生成原理解,得到针对具体需求的产品解决方案,确保了创新的方向性和产品设计方案生成的系统性以及设计流程的规范性.利用航空发动机气压可调静子叶片转轴衬套系统的摩擦磨损试验机设计案例,验证了所提设计方法的合理性和有效性.

关键词: 面向环境的设计, 发明问题解决理论, 集成设计, 创新方法

Abstract:

A novel method for conceptual design of a mechatronics system was proposed, and the design framework of “requirement-environment-conflict-original understanding-solution” was established. The contradiction between design requirements and environmental constraints was identified by using the method of environment-based design (EBD), and the requirements and environment were iteratively analyzed to decouple complex and abstract issues. According to the original understanding of the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ), the product solution for specific needs was obtained, which ensured the directionality of innovation, the systematic generation of product design solutions, and the standardization of the design process. The friction and wear test machine of the aeroengine variable stator vane (VSV) shaft bushing system shows that the proposed design method is reasonable and effective.

Key words: environment-based design (EBD), theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ), integrated design, innovation method

中图分类号:

TH122

邢璐, 华一雄, 张执南. 集成EBD和TRIZ的机电系统概念设计方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2022, 56(5): 576-583.

XING Lu, HUA Yixiong, ZHANG Zhinan. Conceptual Design of Mechatronics System by Integrating EBD and TRIZ[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2022, 56(5): 576-583.

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序号	冲突
1	试验机重载不稳定,易倾覆或侧翻	简化零件,易于加工
2	精准模拟VSV转轴运动	装配方便

序号	名称	发明原理描述
15	动态化	使物体或其环境自动调整,以使其在每个动作阶段的性能均能够达到最佳;把物体分成若干部分,各部分之间可以改变相对位置;将静止的物体改为可动,或使物体具有自适应性
32	颜色变化	改变物体或环境的颜色;改变物体或环境的透明度
35	参数变化	改变物体的物理状态;改变物体的浓度或黏度;改变物体的柔性;改变物体的温度;改变物体的压力

序号	名称	发明原理描述
17	多维度过渡	线性维度过渡到平面维度,平面维度过渡到空间维度;用多层结构代替单层结构;将物体倾斜或侧置;利用反光或镜像
27	替代原则	用低成本物品替代高成本物品,同时对性能做部分牺牲
40	复合材料原则	用复合材料替代单一材料

设计方案		对标设计^[14]	改进设计
需求1	设计流程	需求收集:模拟大载荷资料分析:对知识及文献收集整合头脑风暴:分析选取合理方法解决方案:水平加载机构,手动调节对中装置	识别冲突:重载稳定与简化零件提取参数:整体稳定性,物质的数量得到原理解:动态化发明原理解决方案:竖直加载机构,自动对中机构
	方案评价	水平施加载荷上限较小手动调节有难度零件较多,装配空间有限	竖直加载载荷上限较大自动对中机构快速调节零件简化,易于加工装配
需求2	设计流程	需求收集:实现往复回转运动资料分析:对知识及文献收集整合头脑风暴:分析选取合理方法解决方案:滚轮与斜切凸轮机构	识别冲突:往复回转运动精准控制,装配方便提取参数:可靠性,使用方便性得到原理解:多维度过渡解决方案:四连杆机构
	方案评价	凸轮易磨损,产生精度损失接触面需定期补充润滑油	能够精准控制回转角度节约安装空间