机场航站楼金属屋面敞开式檩条风荷载分布

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 摘要：基于缩尺比模型的风洞试验不易直接测试细小构件上的风荷载，借助数值风洞技术，通过建立建筑及其屋面檩条的空间模型，精细划分局部网格，获得不同风向角下屋顶敞开式檩条构件的风荷载分布.结果表明，敞开式屋面檩条构件受斜风作用更为不利，同时水平向的切向力比垂直向吸力更为显著，是构件抗风计算中不可忽略的重要部分.屋顶檩条风荷载分布具有明显的规律性，在屋面的尖角区域最大，因为该区域屋面曲线弧度最大，气流在该位置产生了较强分离对流，从而形成了较强的垂直向风吸力和水平切向力；在屋面的外侧区域风荷载也较大，与建筑边缘区的气流分离直接相关；在屋面的内侧区域明显较小且分布较为均匀.通过增加将檩条底部封闭的气动措施可以有效地减小屋面外侧区域檩条极值风荷载20%以上，但对屋面内侧区域的檩条效果不明显，建议将初始檩条底部敞开设计方案优化为在建筑边缘区域檩条底部封闭.

关键词: 金属屋面, 敞开式檩条, 风荷载分布, 数值风洞, 气动措施

Abstract: Abstract： It is not easy to directly test the wind loads on small components using wind tunnel test of scale model. Therefore, the technology of numerical wind tunnel was used. By the establishment of the building and the space model of its roof purlins, and by dividing local grid refinement, the wind load distribution on the purlins of open roofs was obtained at different wind angles. The results show that when subjected to skew wind, the open purlins are more unfavorable, and the horizontal shear force is more significant than the vertical suction, which is an important part of wind load calculation. The wind load distribution on the purlins has obvious regularity. First, in the cusp region of the roof, the wind load is the largest since the roof curvature is the maximum, and the air flow produces a strong separation of convection to form a strong vertical suction and horizontal shear wind force. Second, in the outer area of the roof, the wind load is large too, which is directly related to the air separation from the architecture marginal zone. Finally, in the inner area of the roof, the wind load is significantly smaller and more uniform. By closing the bottom of the purlin, the extreme wind load on the outer area of the roof can be effectively reduced by more than 20%, but it does not have obvious effect on the inner area of the roof. It is recommended that the initial design, the bottom of the purlin should be closed only at the edge of the roof.

Key words: metal roofing, open purlins, wind load distribution, numerical wind tunnel, aerodynamic measure

中图分类号:

TU 312.1

艾辉林1，周志勇2. 机场航站楼金属屋面敞开式檩条风荷载分布[J]. 上海交通大学学报（自然版）, 2016, 50(01): 65-71.

AI Huilin1，ZHOU Zhiyong2. Distribution of Wind Load on Purlins of Open Metal Roofs at the Airport [J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2016, 50(01): 65-71.

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