上海交通大学学报

上海交通大学学报

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基于Stackelberg博弈的低碳建筑微网群与共享氢储电站系统优化配置

  

  1. 1.上海电力大学 自动化学院，上海 200090；

    2. 上海交通大学 电气工程学院 上海 200240
  • 作者简介:郑墨涵（2001—），硕士生，从事储能技术研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目（62233006）

Optimal Configuration of Low-Carbon Building Microgrid Clusters and Shared Hydrogen Storage Power Station Systems Based on Stackelberg Game

  1. 1.College of Automation Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China；

    2. College Of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

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摘要： 随着清洁能源与储能技术的突破性发展，共享氢储电站（SHSPS）正逐步成为储能技术的新型应用模式。为满足多利益主体（包括共享氢储电站与低碳建筑微网群）的协同优化需求，本文提出一种基于Stackelberg博弈的多时间尺度共享氢储电站容量配置框架，旨在实现氢电耦合系统的高效利用。具体而言：上层领导者（共享氢储电站）以运行经济性为目标，结合氢能季节性进行长时间尺度容量规划；下层跟随者（低碳建筑微网群）基于冷-热-电多能源负荷约束，实现短时间尺度的优化运行决策。通过KKT条件将双层博弈模型转化为可求解的双层优化问题，并采用上海某区域实际案例验证方法的有效性。结果表明，所提方法突破了传统配置模型在多时间尺度分析上的局限性，在保障系统功率配置最优的前提下，实现了共享氢储电站与微网运营商的双向经济收益最大化，同时可再生能源消纳率显著提升。

关键词: 共享氢储电站, Stackelberg博弈, KKT条件, 优化配置

Abstract:

With the breakthrough developments in clean energy and energy storage technologies, shared hydrogen storage power stations (SHSPS) are becoming a new application model for energy storage systems. To meet the collaborative optimization needs of multiple stakeholders (including SHSPS and low-carbon building microgrid clusters), this study proposes a Stackelberg game-based multi-time scale capacity configuration framework for SHSPS, aiming to achieve efficient utilization of hydrogen-electric coupled systems. Specifically, the upper-level leader (SHSPS) conducts long-term capacity planning targeting operational economy while incorporating hydrogen’s seasonal characteristics, and the lower-level followers (low-carbon building microgrid clusters，LBMC) optimize short-term operations under cooling, heating, and electricity load constraints. By transforming the bi-level game model into a solvable bi-level optimization problem using KKT conditions, the method’s effectiveness is validated through a real-world case study in a Shanghai region. Results show the proposed approach overcomes the limitations of traditional configuration models in multi-timescale analysis. While ensuring optimal system power configuration, it maximizes bidirectional economic benefits for both SHSPS and LBMC operators and significantly improves the renewable energy accommodation rate.

Key words: shared hydrogen storage and power station, Stackelberg Game, Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, optimal configuration

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