基于电磁波时间反演的GIS局部放电定位研究

doi:10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.038

上海交通大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (12): 1763-1772.doi: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2024.038

• 新型电力系统与综合能源 • 下一篇

基于电磁波时间反演的GIS局部放电定位研究

李佳洋¹, 赵九一², 钱勇¹(), 李国玉³, 徐治仁¹, 潘超⁴, 盛戈皞¹

¹ 上海交通大学电气工程系, 上海 200240
² 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司, 杭州 310016
³ 青岛地铁集团有限公司, 山东青岛 266002
⁴ 复旦大学信息科学与工程学院, 上海 200433

收稿日期:2024-01-29 修回日期:2024-05-24 接受日期:2024-11-28 出版日期:2025-12-28 发布日期:2025-12-30
通讯作者: 钱勇 E-mail:qian_yong@sjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:李佳洋(2001—),硕士生,从事GIS局部放电研究.

Location of Partial Discharge in GIS Based on Electromagnetic Wave Time Reversal

LI Jiayang¹, ZHAO Jiuyi², QIAN Yong¹(), LI Guoyu³, XU Zhiren¹, PAN Chao⁴, SHENG Gehao¹

¹ Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
² Hangzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310016, China
³ Qingdao Metro Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266002, Shandong, China
⁴ School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

Received:2024-01-29 Revised:2024-05-24 Accepted:2024-11-28 Online:2025-12-28 Published:2025-12-30
Contact: QIAN Yong E-mail:qian_yong@sjtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,电磁波时间反演(EMTR)技术作为一种有效的定位方法在局部放电领域开始得到应用.相比传统的特高频(UHF)定位方法,EMTR技术仅需要单个传感器,具有巨大的优势和良好的应用前景,但目前常用的最大场强和最小熵准则很难精确得出复杂结构下时间反演的聚焦时刻和位置.根据信号源与非信号源处波形的不同特征,提出一种基于密度的带噪声应用空间聚类(DBSCAN)算法的EMTR定位方法,并采用CST Studio Suite仿真软件对气体绝缘封闭开关设备(GIS)中局部放电进行定位验证.为验证时间反演的现场可行性,搭建实验室模型并进行局部放电实验,结果表明EMTR方法的平均定位误差小于20 cm,能够实现GIS中局部放电源的准确定位,相较于传统方法减少了传感器数量,提高了抗干扰性能,具有一定的优越性.

关键词: 电磁波时间反演, 局部放电, 定位, 基于密度的聚类算法, 气体绝缘封闭开关设备

Abstract:

In recent years, as an effective positioning method, electromagnetic wave time reversal (EMTR) technology has begun to be applied in the field of partial discharge. Compared with traditional ultra high frequency (UHF) positioning methods, EMTR technology requires only a single sensor, offering significant advantages and promising application prospects. However, the commonly used maximum field strength and minimum entropy criteria struggle to accurately determine the focusing time and position of time reversal in complex structures. To address these problems, this paper proposes an EMTR location method based on the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm leveraging the distinct characteristics of waveforms at signal and non-signal sources, and verify the location of partial discharges in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) using CST Studio Suite simulation software. To verify the field feasibility of EMTR, it develops a laboratory model to conduct partial discharge experiments. The results show that the average positioning error of the EMTR method is less than 20 cm, which can realize accurate positioning of partial discharge sources in GIS. Compared with traditional methods, the EMTR method reduces the number of sensors and improves the anti-interference performance, which has certain advantages.

Key words: electromagnetic wave time reversal (EMTR), partial discharge (PD), location, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, gas insulated switchgear (GIS)

中图分类号:

TM733

李佳洋, 赵九一, 钱勇, 李国玉, 徐治仁, 潘超, 盛戈皞. 基于电磁波时间反演的GIS局部放电定位研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(12): 1763-1772.

LI Jiayang, ZHAO Jiuyi, QIAN Yong, LI Guoyu, XU Zhiren, PAN Chao, SHENG Gehao. Location of Partial Discharge in GIS Based on Electromagnetic Wave Time Reversal[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2025, 59(12): 1763-1772.

图/表 21

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

图8

图9

图10

表2

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

图17

图18

表3

参考文献 20

[1]	钟建英, 陈刚, 谭盛武, 等. 高压开关设备关键技术及发展趋势[J]. 高电压技术, 2021, 47(8): 2769-2782.
	ZHONG Jianying, CHEN Gang, TAN Shengwu, et al. Key technology and development trend of high-voltage switchgear[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2021, 47(8): 2769-2782.
[2]	梁列娟. GIS局部放电模式识别及定位方法研究[D]. 西安: 西安理工大学, 2023.
	LIANG Liejuan. Research on GIS partial discharge pattern recognition and location method[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Technology, 2023.
[3]	郁琦琛, 罗林根, 贾廷波, 等. 特高频信号RSSI统计分析下的变电站空间局部放电定位技术[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(12): 4163-4171.
	YU Qichen, LUO Lingen, JIA Tingbo, et al. Partial discharge positioning technology in substation based on received signal strength indicator statistical analysis of UHF signal[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2020, 46(12): 4163-4171.
[4]	王淼, 罗林根, 钱勇, 等. 基于模拟故障数据库的GIS局部放电反演方法[J]. 高电压技术, 2022, 48(5): 1663-1672.
	WANG Miao, LUO Lingen, QIAN Yong, et al. Partial discharge inversion method for GIS based on simulated fault database[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2022, 48(5): 1663-1672.
[5]	张乔根, 李晓昂, 刘琳, 等. GIS中SF₆绝缘系统缺陷放电的“0-1”现象[J]. 高电压技术, 2019, 45(9): 2689-2698.
	ZHANG Qiaogen, LI Xiao’ang, LIU Lin, et al. “One-zero” phenomenon of discharge induced by defects in SF₆ insulation systems in GIS[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2019, 45(9): 2689-2698.
[6]	王治伟. 变电站一次设备状态检修方法研究[J]. 电气技术与经济, 2023(10): 74-76.
	WANG Zhiwei. Research on condition-based maintenance method of primary equipment in substation[J]. Electrical Equipment and Economy, 2023(10): 74-76.
[7]	郁琦琛, 罗林根, 吴凡, 等. 基于广义回归神经网络的特高频局部放电定位法[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(2): 11-17.
	YU Qichen, LUO Lingen, WU Fan, et al. UHF partial discharge localization methodology based on generalized regression neural network[J]. Electric Power, 2021, 54(2): 11-17.
[8]	陈云飞, 赵晨昊, 魏占朋. 高频局部放电检测在高压电缆户外终端检测中的应用[J]. 山西电力, 2023(3): 20-23.
	CHEN Yunfei, ZHAO Chenhao, WEI Zhanpeng. Study on application of HF partial discharge detection in high voltage outdoor cable terminal detection[J]. Shanxi Electric Power, 2023(3): 20-23.
[9]	WANG Z Y, HE S Y, RAZZAGHI R, et al. A review of time reversal-based methods applied to fault location in power networks[J]. Frontiers in Energy Research, 2022, 10: 1060938. doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2022.1060938 URL
[10]	LUGRIN G, MORA N M, RACHIDI F, et al. On the location of lightning discharges using time reversal of electromagnetic fields[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2014, 56(1): 149-158. doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2013.2266932 URL
[11]	KARAMI H, AZADIFAR M, MOSTAJABI A, et al. Partial discharge localization using time reversal: Application to power transformers[J]. Sensors, 2020, 20(5): 1419. doi: 10.3390/s20051419 URL
[12]	和少寅, 谢彦召, 宋宇, 等. 基于电磁时间反演传递函数相关性的传输线网络故障定位方法[J]. 高电压技术, 2023, 49(5): 1851-1859.
	HE Shaoyin, XIE Yanzhao, SONG Yu, et al. Fault location method in transmission line network based on transfer function correlation of electromagnetic time reversal[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2023, 49(5): 1851-1859.
[13]	谢敏, 周凯, 何珉, 等. 基于时间反演技术的电力电缆局部放电定位方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(11): 3402-3409.
	XIE Min, ZHOU Kai, HE Min, et al. Partial discharge location for power cable based on the time reversal technique[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(11): 3402-3409.
[14]	汪先进, 周凯, 谢敏, 等. 基于时间反演相位法的电力电缆局部放电定位[J]. 电网技术, 2020, 44(2): 783-790.
	WANG Xianjin, ZHOU Kai, XIE Min, et al. Research on partial discharge source location for power cables based on time reversal phase method[J]. Power System Technology, 2020, 44(2): 783-790.
[15]	梁涵卿, 刘亚东, 盛戈皞, 等. 基于行波反演的输电线路单相接地故障重演方法[J]. 高电压技术, 2019, 45(1): 209-217.
	LIANG Hanqing, LIU Yadong, SHENG Gehao, et al. Reproduction method for monophase-to-ground fault of transmission lines based on wave inversion[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2019, 45(1): 209-217.
[16]	沈智飞, 王娟, 柳宝坤, 等. 时间反演技术在低压脉冲电缆故障定位中的应用[J]. 四川电力技术, 2021, 44(4): 85-89.
	SHEN Zhifei, WANG Juan, LIU Baokun, et al. Application of time reversal technology to fault location of low-voltage pulse cable[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology, 2021, 44(4): 85-89.
[17]	RAZZAGHI R, LUGRIN G, PAOLONE M, et al. Electromagnetic time reversal applied to fault location in power networks[M]. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons Press, 2017: 217-274.
[18]	KARAMI H, AZADIFAR M, RUBINSTEIN M, et al. An experimental validation of partial discharge localization using electromagnetic time reversal[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 220. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80660-z pmid: 33420279
[19]	KARAMI H, AZADIFAR M, MOSTAJABI A, et al. Numerical and experimental validation of electromagnetic time reversal for geolocation of lightning strikes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2019, 62(5): 2156-2163. doi: 10.1109/TEMC.15 URL
[20]	LI Q, WANG Z Y, XIE Y Z, et al. A correlation-based electromagnetic time reversal technique to locate indoor transient radiation sources[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2021, 69(9): 3945-3957. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3086826 URL

外置传感器	坐标/mm	内置传感器	坐标/mm
s1	(325, 0, 235)	s6	(0, 310, 770)
s2	(325, 0, 1 305)	s7	(0, 310, 1 590)
s3	(325, 0, 1 875)	s8	(0, 310, 2 160)
s4	(325, 0, 2 445)	s9	(0, 310, 2 980)
s5	(325, 0, 3 515)

传感器	坐标/mm	误差/mm
s2	(-4.5, -40.0, 467.0)	26.3
s7	(4.7, -53.8, 434.0)	20.1
s2和s3	(-2.2, -19.2, 460.0)	45.6
s7和s9	(3.7, -48.2, 440.0)	26.4
s2和s9	(4.7, -46.9, 427.7)	29.1

局部放电位置	实际坐标/mm	定位坐标/mm	GIS相对误差/%	绝对误差/mm
近内导体	(90, 170, 2 170)	(21, 133, 2 120)	(13.80, 7.40, 1.25)	92.9
近金属外壳	(-210, -20, 2 200)	(-82, -105, 2 308)	(25.60, 17.00, 2.70)	187.8
近腔体切面中心	(0, 0, 2 230)	(111, -110, 2 157)	(22.20, 22.00, 1.83)	172.5
近盆式绝缘子	(-70, 100, 2 405)	(-18, 234, 2 447)	(14.00, 26.80, 1.05)	149.7

基于电磁波时间反演的GIS局部放电定位研究

Location of Partial Discharge in GIS Based on Electromagnetic Wave Time Reversal

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 21

参考文献 20

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	曾举鹏, 曾祥君, 白浩, 喻锟, 杨炜晨, 龙璇林, 壮婕. 基于时-频行波全息映射的有源配电网故障定位方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(2): 256-269.
[2]	沈冰, 柴炜, 王凯, 李骁远, 吕敬. 基于薄弱点定位的电力电子化交流配用电系统振荡抑制方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2026, 60(1): 32-41.
[3]	. SDA-Loc：一种用于点云地图中跨模态定位的语义驱动对齐算法[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2026, 31(1): 117-129.
[4]	杜雪明, 向洋, 刘顺, 金隼. 机匣组线加工装夹找正系统误差建模与精度优化方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(8): 1156-1168.
[5]	高磊, 马骏超, 吕敬, 刘佳宁, 王晨旭, 蔡旭. 基于频域模态法的新能源电力系统振荡稳定性评估[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(6): 821-835.
[6]	陶然, 沈培锋, 陈挺, 罗林根, 盛戈皞, 江秀臣. 数字化模型下的气体绝缘封闭开关设备特高频信号反演实际放电量方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(6): 800-811.
[7]	. 基于自适应鲁棒扩展卡尔曼滤波器的北斗三号PPP-B2b性能综合分析[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2025, 30(6): 1208-1219.
[8]	刘源渊, 张顺家, 杨艺, 耿建强. 基于球容积卡尔曼滤波器的鲁棒无源被动定位算法[J]. 空天防御, 2025, 8(5): 53-63.
[9]	纪冕, 林艳萍, 王冬梅, 陈立, 马昕. 足部特征点准确定位及形态参数自动测量方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(5): 703-710.
[10]	张雨格, 耿建强, 杨光宇, 朱苏朋, 侯振乾, 符文星. 基于IMM-SRCKF对机动目标的多弹协同被动定位算法[J]. 空天防御, 2025, 8(2): 58-65.
[11]	詹泽辉, 钟铭恩, 袁彬淦, 谭佳威, 范康. 随机平视摄像条件下的路边车辆违停检测[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2025, 59(10): 1568-1580.
[12]	王增伟, 丁雷. 基于响应差传递率矩阵的结构损失识别与定位方法[J]. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ Sci, 2024, 29(6): 1126-1138.
[13]	毕忠勤, 余晓婉, 王宝楠, 黄文焘, 张丹, 董真. 基于量子蚁群算法的配电网故障区段快速定位技术[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(5): 693-708.
[14]	杜宁, 吴树范, 陈占胜, 陈文晖, 王世耀, 徐家国, 秦栋栋. 卫星对空中动态目标凝视成像姿态规划方法[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2024, 58(4): 411-418.
[15]	徐爱进, 许卫平, 韩旭雁. 国内首制工程船DP-3闭环电站系统设计[J]. 海洋工程装备与技术, 2024, 11(3): 36-41.